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Multiple Prisoner Plaintiffs Can Split Filing Fee
In a multi-plaintiff case, defendants moved to make each plaintiff pay the
entire filing fee, relying on Hubbard v. Haley. The court points out that
Hubbard doesn't support their position, since it holds that the PLRA
repeals the joinder provisions of the Federal Rules for prisoners and every
prisoner has to file a separate lawsuit. The Sixth Circuit has said that
multiple plaintiffs should split the filing fee. At 247:
None of these cases hold that multiple plaintiffs in a single suit must
each pay the entire filing fee, which is what the defendants ask here. In
fact, such an interpretation would arguably contradict the imprecation of
the PLRA that "in no event shall the filing fee collected exceed the amount
of fees permitted by statute for the commencement of a civil action." 28
U.S.C. § 1915.
Inference of Congress' intent to repeal Rule 20's joinder provisions from
the Act's use of the singular word "plaintiff" (and nothing more) would be
unsound statutory construction. "In determining the meaning of any Act of
Congress, . . . words importing the singular include and apply to several
persons, parties or things." 1 U.S.C. § 1. I therefore conclude that there
is no conflict between the PLRA and Fed.R.Civ.P.20, and I further disagree
with the prediction that the Seventh Circuit would adopt the reasoning of
the Hubbard court. See: Burke v. Helman, 208 F.R.D. 246 (C.D.Ill. 2002).
entire filing fee, relying on Hubbard v. Haley. The court points out that
Hubbard doesn't support their position, since it holds that the PLRA
repeals the joinder provisions of the Federal Rules for prisoners and every
prisoner has to file a separate lawsuit. The Sixth Circuit has said that
multiple plaintiffs should split the filing fee. At 247:
None of these cases hold that multiple plaintiffs in a single suit must
each pay the entire filing fee, which is what the defendants ask here. In
fact, such an interpretation would arguably contradict the imprecation of
the PLRA that "in no event shall the filing fee collected exceed the amount
of fees permitted by statute for the commencement of a civil action." 28
U.S.C. § 1915.
Inference of Congress' intent to repeal Rule 20's joinder provisions from
the Act's use of the singular word "plaintiff" (and nothing more) would be
unsound statutory construction. "In determining the meaning of any Act of
Congress, . . . words importing the singular include and apply to several
persons, parties or things." 1 U.S.C. § 1. I therefore conclude that there
is no conflict between the PLRA and Fed.R.Civ.P.20, and I further disagree
with the prediction that the Seventh Circuit would adopt the reasoning of
the Hubbard court. See: Burke v. Helman, 208 F.R.D. 246 (C.D.Ill. 2002).
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Related legal case
Burke v. Helman
| Year | 2002 |
|---|---|
| Cite | 208 F.R.D. 246 (C.D.Ill. 2002) |
| Level | District Court |
| Attorney Fees | 0 |
| Damages | 0 |
| Injunction Status | N/A |
Edgar Burke, Plaintiff, v. David Helman, Warden of the Federal Correctional Center in Perkin, et al, Defendant.
Case No. 00-1405
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE CENTRAL DISTRICT OF ILLINOIS
208 F.R.D. 246; 2002 U.S. Dist.
June 27, 2002, Decided
June 27, 2002, Opinion Filed
DISPOSITION: [**1] Defendants' motion denied.
COUNSEL: For Plaintiff: Richard L. Steagall, Nicoara & Steagall, Peoria, IL.
For Defendant: James L. Lewis, Assistant United States Attorney, Springfield, IL.
JUDGES: JOHN A. GORMAN, UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE.
OPINION BY: JOHN A. GORMAN
OPINION: [*246]
ORDER
The Defendants have filed a Motion to Compel Payment of Filing Fee ( # 39), arguing that under the Prison Litigation Reform Act, (PLRA), 28 U.S.C. § 1915, each Plaintiff who was a prisoner at the time of filing the original complaint is required to pay the full filing fee.
Section 1915 does not specifically address multiple plaintiffs, instead specifying the methods of payment an individual prisoner may use to pay the filing fee; it provides in pertinent part that "if a prisoner brings a civil action or files an appeal in forma pauperis, the prisoner shall be required to pay the full amount of a filing fee. The court shall assess and, when funds exist, collect as [*247] a partial payment of any court fees required by law, an initial partial fee ..." 28 U.S.C. § 1915(b)[emphasis added].
In support of the argument that each plaintiff must pay the [**2] full filing fee, the Defendants rely on Hubbard v. Haley, 262 F.3d 1194 (11th Cir. 2001). That case does not support Defendants' position. In Hubbard, the Eleventh Circuit decided that, because the PLRA discussed filing only in terms of a single plaintiff, the joinder provisions of Fed.R.Civ.P.20 n1 were repealed for prisoner litigation, because "a statute passed after the effective date of a federal rule repeals the rule to the extent that it actually conflicts." Id. at 1198, quoting Jackson v. Stinnett, 102 F.3d 132, 135-36 (5th Cir. 1996). Under Hubbard, prisoners would not be allowed to join together as plaintiffs in a single lawsuit. The court instead severed the claims, requiring each prisoner to file separate lawsuits; as a consequence, each would pay the entire filing fee for his own suit. Hubbard 262 F.3d at 1198.
n1 Fed. R. Civ. P. 20 provides in pertinent part: "all persons may join in one action as plaintiffs if they assert any right to relief jointly, severally, or in the alternative in respect of or arising out of the same transaction, occurrence, or series of transactions or occurrences and if any question of law or fact common to all these persons will rise in the action.".
[**3]
Our sister court in the Northern District has commented that "the worst provision [of the PLRA] is the fee assessment and collection procedure ... [which] refers only to 'the prisoner' and neglects to address the case of multiple-prisoner plaintiffs." Clay v. Rice, 2001 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 18311, 2001 WL 1380526 (Nov. 5, 2001). The Clay court found Hubbard persuasive, predicting that the Seventh Circuit would follow Hubbard. The plaintiffs' claims in Clay were severed and the court required them to proceed individually in separate lawsuits.
Not all courts are in agreement. The Sixth Circuit, for example, has decided that each prisoner plaintiff should pay a portion of the filing fee and has allowed the prisoner plaintiffs to remain joined. In Re Prison Litigation Reform Act, 105 F.3d 1131 (6th Cir. 1997). The Sixth Circuit stated, "the statute [PLRA] does not specify how fees are to be assessed when multiple prisoners constitute the plaintiffs or appellants...each prisoner should be proportionally liable for any fees and costs that may be assessed. Thus, any fees and costs that the district court ... may impose shall be equally divided among all the prisoners. [**4] " 105 F.3d at 1137, 1138.
None of these cases hold that multiple plaintiffs in a single suit must each pay the entire filing fee, which is what the defendants ask here. In fact, such an interpretation would arguably contradict the imprecation of the PLRA that "in no event shall the filing fee collected exceed the amount of fees permitted by statute for the commencement of a civil action." 28 U.S.C. 1915.
Inference of Congress' intent to repeal Rule 20's joinder provisions from the Act's use of the singular word "plaintiff" (and nothing more) would be unsound statutory construction. "In determining the meaning of any Act of Congress, ... words importing the singular include and apply to several persons, parties or things." 1 U.S.C. § 1. I therefore conclude that there is no conflict between the PLRA and Fed.R.Civ.P.20, and I further disagree with the [**5] prediction that the Seventh Circuit would adopt the reasoning of the Hubbard court.
There being no other basis for the defendants' motion, the motion is denied.
ENTER this 27th day of June, 2002.
JOHN A. GORMAN
UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE
Case No. 00-1405
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE CENTRAL DISTRICT OF ILLINOIS
208 F.R.D. 246; 2002 U.S. Dist.
June 27, 2002, Decided
June 27, 2002, Opinion Filed
DISPOSITION: [**1] Defendants' motion denied.
COUNSEL: For Plaintiff: Richard L. Steagall, Nicoara & Steagall, Peoria, IL.
For Defendant: James L. Lewis, Assistant United States Attorney, Springfield, IL.
JUDGES: JOHN A. GORMAN, UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE.
OPINION BY: JOHN A. GORMAN
OPINION: [*246]
ORDER
The Defendants have filed a Motion to Compel Payment of Filing Fee ( # 39), arguing that under the Prison Litigation Reform Act, (PLRA), 28 U.S.C. § 1915, each Plaintiff who was a prisoner at the time of filing the original complaint is required to pay the full filing fee.
Section 1915 does not specifically address multiple plaintiffs, instead specifying the methods of payment an individual prisoner may use to pay the filing fee; it provides in pertinent part that "if a prisoner brings a civil action or files an appeal in forma pauperis, the prisoner shall be required to pay the full amount of a filing fee. The court shall assess and, when funds exist, collect as [*247] a partial payment of any court fees required by law, an initial partial fee ..." 28 U.S.C. § 1915(b)[emphasis added].
In support of the argument that each plaintiff must pay the [**2] full filing fee, the Defendants rely on Hubbard v. Haley, 262 F.3d 1194 (11th Cir. 2001). That case does not support Defendants' position. In Hubbard, the Eleventh Circuit decided that, because the PLRA discussed filing only in terms of a single plaintiff, the joinder provisions of Fed.R.Civ.P.20 n1 were repealed for prisoner litigation, because "a statute passed after the effective date of a federal rule repeals the rule to the extent that it actually conflicts." Id. at 1198, quoting Jackson v. Stinnett, 102 F.3d 132, 135-36 (5th Cir. 1996). Under Hubbard, prisoners would not be allowed to join together as plaintiffs in a single lawsuit. The court instead severed the claims, requiring each prisoner to file separate lawsuits; as a consequence, each would pay the entire filing fee for his own suit. Hubbard 262 F.3d at 1198.
n1 Fed. R. Civ. P. 20 provides in pertinent part: "all persons may join in one action as plaintiffs if they assert any right to relief jointly, severally, or in the alternative in respect of or arising out of the same transaction, occurrence, or series of transactions or occurrences and if any question of law or fact common to all these persons will rise in the action.".
[**3]
Our sister court in the Northern District has commented that "the worst provision [of the PLRA] is the fee assessment and collection procedure ... [which] refers only to 'the prisoner' and neglects to address the case of multiple-prisoner plaintiffs." Clay v. Rice, 2001 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 18311, 2001 WL 1380526 (Nov. 5, 2001). The Clay court found Hubbard persuasive, predicting that the Seventh Circuit would follow Hubbard. The plaintiffs' claims in Clay were severed and the court required them to proceed individually in separate lawsuits.
Not all courts are in agreement. The Sixth Circuit, for example, has decided that each prisoner plaintiff should pay a portion of the filing fee and has allowed the prisoner plaintiffs to remain joined. In Re Prison Litigation Reform Act, 105 F.3d 1131 (6th Cir. 1997). The Sixth Circuit stated, "the statute [PLRA] does not specify how fees are to be assessed when multiple prisoners constitute the plaintiffs or appellants...each prisoner should be proportionally liable for any fees and costs that may be assessed. Thus, any fees and costs that the district court ... may impose shall be equally divided among all the prisoners. [**4] " 105 F.3d at 1137, 1138.
None of these cases hold that multiple plaintiffs in a single suit must each pay the entire filing fee, which is what the defendants ask here. In fact, such an interpretation would arguably contradict the imprecation of the PLRA that "in no event shall the filing fee collected exceed the amount of fees permitted by statute for the commencement of a civil action." 28 U.S.C. 1915.
Inference of Congress' intent to repeal Rule 20's joinder provisions from the Act's use of the singular word "plaintiff" (and nothing more) would be unsound statutory construction. "In determining the meaning of any Act of Congress, ... words importing the singular include and apply to several persons, parties or things." 1 U.S.C. § 1. I therefore conclude that there is no conflict between the PLRA and Fed.R.Civ.P.20, and I further disagree with the [**5] prediction that the Seventh Circuit would adopt the reasoning of the Hubbard court.
There being no other basis for the defendants' motion, the motion is denied.
ENTER this 27th day of June, 2002.
JOHN A. GORMAN
UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE