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Special Post-Booker Coding Project, U.S. Sentencing Commission, 2005

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U.S. Sentencing Commission
Special Post-Booker Coding Project

Information for All Cases
—
Cases Sentenced Subsequent to U.S. v. Booker
(Data Extraction as of November 1, 2005)
Prepared: December 1, 2005

U.S. SENTENCING COMMISSION
SPECIAL POST-BOOKER CODING PROJECT
DATA EXTRACTION DATE: NOVEMBER 1, 2005

CONTENTS
page

NATIONAL DATA
Comparison of Sentence Imposed And Position Relative to
the Post-Booker Guideline Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Most Frequently Applied Guidelines: Comparison of Sentence
Imposed And Position Relative to the Guideline Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Offenders Sentenced for Each Chapter Two Guideline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

CIRCUIT AND DISTRICT DATA
Guideline Offenders in Each Circuit and District . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Guideline Application Trends: National and Circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

SENTENCE LENGTHS – MOST FREQUENTLY
APPLIED GUIDELINES
Distribution of Offenders Receiving Sentencing Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Average and Median Sentence Imposed: Fiscal Years 1999-2000 . . . . . . . . . . 13
Average and Median Sentence Imposed: Fiscal Years 2001-2002 . . . . . . . . . . 14
Average and Median Sentence Imposed: Fiscal Year 2003 and Post-Booker . . 15

DEGREE OF DEPARTURE AND VARIANCE
Departure and Variance Rate by Each Circuit and District . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Substantial Assistance Departures in Each Primary Offense Category . . . . . . 19
Govt Initiated Downward Departures in Each Primary Offense Category . . . . 20
Other Downward Departures in Each Primary Offense Category . . . . . . . . . . 21
Otherwise Below Guideline Range in Each Primary Offense Category . . . . . . 22
Upward Departures in Each Primary Offense Category . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Otherwise Above Guideline Range in Each Primary Offense Category . . . . . . 24

NATIONAL COMPARISON OF SENTENCE IMPOSED AND
POSITION RELATIVE TO THE GUIDELINE RANGE
Cases Sentenced Subsequent to U.S. v. Booker with Data Available to USSC on November 1, 2005
N

%

46,470

100.0

28,665

61.7

DEPARTURE ABOVE GUIDELINE RANGE
Upward Departure from the Guideline Range 2
Upward Departure with Booker /18 U.S.C. § 35533

122

0.3

87

0.2

35

0.1

OTHERWISE ABOVE THE GUIDELINE RANGE
Above the Range with Booker /18 U.S.C. § 35534
All Remaining Cases Above the Guideline Range 5

505

1.1

289

0.6

216

0.5

GOVERNMENT SPONSORED BELOW RANGE
§5K1.1 Substantial Assistance Departure
§5K3.1 Early Disposition Program Departure
Government-Sponsored Departure 6

11,239

24.2

6,796

14.6

3,036

6.5

1,407

3.0

DEPARTURE BELOW GUIDELINE RANGE
Downward Departure from the Guideline Range 2
Downward Departure with Booker /18 U.S.C. § 35533

1,529

3.3

1,085

2.3

444

1.0

OTHERWISE BELOW THE GUIDELINE RANGE
Below the Range with Booker /18 U.S.C. § 35534
All Remaining Cases Below the Guideline Range 5

4,410

9.5

2,814

6.1

1,596

3.4

TOTAL

1

WITHIN GUIDELINE RANGE

1

This table reflects the 48,105 cases sentenced subsequent to the U.S. v. Booker decision on January 12, 2005, with court documentation
cumulatively received, coded, and edited at the U.S. Sentencing Commission by November 1, 2005. Of this total, there are 1,635 cases excluded
for one of two general reasons. Some excluded cases involve certain Class A misdemeanors or other offenses which do not reference a
sentencing guideline. Other excluded cases have information missing from the submitted documents that prevents the comparison of the
sentence and the guideline range. As missing documents are received, subsequent U.S. Sentencing Commission data releases will incorporate
the new information.
2
All cases with imposed sentences outside of the guideline range and citing reasons for departure limited to, and affirmatively and specifically
identified in the provisions, policy statements, or commentary of the federal Guidelines Manual.
3
All cases with imposed sentences outside of the guideline range citing reasons for departure limited to, and affirmatively and specifically
identified in the provisions, policy statements, or commentary of the federal Guidelines Manual, and additionally mentioning either U.S. v.
Booker , 18 U.S.C. § 3553, or related factors as a reason for a sentence outside of the guideline range.
4

All cases with imposed sentences outside of the guideline range mentioning only U.S. v. Booker, 18 U.S.C. § 3553, or related factors as a
reason for a sentence outside of the guideline range.
5

Cases with imposed sentences outside of the guideline range that do not fall into the three previous categories. Based on the information
submitted on the Statement of Reasons, these cases cannot be classified as a guideline departure, or as a sentence outside the guideline range
pursuant to Booker /18 U.S.C. § 3553. This category includes cases which cite departure reasons that are not affirmatively and specifically
identified in the provisions, policy statements, or commentary of the federal Guidelines Manual and cases which do not provide any reason for
the sentence outside of the guideline range.

6

Cases with a reason for departure indicating that the prosecution initiates, proposes, or stipulates to a sentence outside of the guideline range,
either pursuant to a plea agreement or as part of a non-plea negotiation with the defendant.
SOURCE: U.S. Sentencing Commission, Special Post-Booker Coding Project, BOOKER05 (data extraction on November 1, 2005; table
prepared on November 10, 2005). Summary numbers may add up to their component parts due to rounding.

2

MOST FREQUENTLY APPLIED GUIDELINES: COMPARISON OF SENTENCE IMPOSED
AND POSITION RELATIVE TO THE GUIDELINE RANGE
Cases Sentenced Subsequent to US v. Booker with Data Available to USSC on November 1, 2005
Four Most Frequently Applied Primary Guidelines
§2D1.1
Drug
Trafficking

All
Cases

§2L1.2
Unlawful
Entry

§2B1.1
Theft and
Fraud

§2K2.1
Firearms

N

%

N

%

N

%

N

%

N

%

TOTAL

46,470

100.0

16,144

100.0

7,081

100.0

4,638

100.0

4,670

100.0

WITHIN GUIDELINE RANGE

28,665

61.7

8,642

53.5

3,991

56.4

3,246

70.0

3,314

71.0

122

0.3

13

0.1

11

0.2

17

0.4

16

0.3

87

0.2

11

0.1

7

0.1

12

0.3

10

0.2

35

0.1

2

0.0

4

0.1

5

0.1

6

0.1

505

1.1

68

0.4

59

0.8

79

1.7

105

2.2

Above the Range with Booker/18 USC §3553

289

0.6

42

0.3

37

0.5

38

0.8

52

1.1

All Remaining Cases Above the Guideline Range5

216

0.5

26

0.2

22

0.3

41

0.9

53

1.1

11,239

24.2

5,332

33.0

2,321

32.8

595

12.8

552

11.8

§5K1.1 Substantial Assistance Departure

6,796

14.6

4,207

26.1

51

0.7

447

9.6

463

9.9

§5K3.1 Early Disposition Program Departure

3,036

6.5

656

4.1

2,027

28.6

18

0.4

7

0.2

1,407

3.0

469

2.9

243

3.4

130

2.8

82

1.8

1,529

3.3

505

3.1

238

3.4

189

4.1

162

3.5

1,085

2.3

358

2.2

183

2.6

121

2.6

111

2.4

444

1.0

147

0.9

55

0.8

68

1.5

51

1.1

4,410

9.5

1,584

9.8

461

6.5

512

11.0

521

11.2

2,814

6.1

1,060

6.6

282

4.0

340

7.3

294

6.3

1,596

3.4

524

3.2

179

2.5

172

3.7

227

4.9

1

DEPARTURE ABOVE GUIDELINE
2

Upward Departure from the Guideline Range

3

Upward Departure with Booker/18 USC §3553

OTHERWISE ABOVE THE RANGE
4

GOVERNMENT BELOW GUIDELINE

6

Government-Sponsored Departure

DEPARTURE BELOW GUIDELINE
2

Downward Departure from the Guideline Range

3

Downward Departure with Booker/18USC §3553

OTHERWISE BELOW THE RANGE
4

Below the Range with Booker/18 USC §3553

5

All Remaining Cases Below the Guideline Range
1

This table reflects the 48,105 cases sentenced subsequent to the US v. Booker decision on January 12, 2005, with court documentation
cumulatively received, coded, and edited at the U.S. Sentencing Commission by November 1, 2005. Of this total, there are 1,635 cases excluded
for one of two general reasons. Some excluded cases involve certain Class A misdemeanors or other offenses which do not reference a
sentencing guideline. Other excluded cases have information missing from the submitted documents that prevents the comparison of the sentence
and the guideline range. As missing documents are received, subsequent U.S. Sentencing Commission data releases will incorporate the new
information.
2
All cases with imposed sentences outside of the guideline range and citing reasons for departure limited to, and affirmatively and specifically
identified in the provisions, policy statements, or commentary of the federal Guidelines Manual.
3
All cases with imposed sentences outside of the guideline range citing reasons for departure limited to, and affirmatively and specifically
identified in the provisions, policy statements, or commentary of the federal Guidelines Manual, and additionally mentioning either US v. Booker,
18 USC §3553, or related factors as a reason for a sentence outside of the guideline range.
4
All cases with imposed sentences outside of the guideline range mentioning only US v. Booker, 18 USC §3553, or related factors as a reason
for a sentence outside of the guideline range.
5
Cases with imposed sentences outside of the guideline range that do not fall into the three previous categories. Based on the information
submitted on the Statement of Reasons, these cases cannot be classified as a guideline departure, or as a sentence outside the guideline range
pursuant to Booker/18 USC §3553. This category includes cases which cite departure reasons that are not affirmatively and specifically identified
in the provisions, policy statements, or commentary of the federal Guidelines Manual and cases which do not provide any reason for the
sentence outside of the guideline range.
6
Cases with a reason for departure indicating that the prosecution initiates, proposes, or stipulates to a sentence outside of the guideline range,
either pursuant to a plea agreement or as part of a non-plea negotiation with the defendant.
SOURCE: U.S. Sentencing Commission, Special Post-Booker Coding Project, BOOKER05 (data extraction on November 1, 2005; table
prepared on November 10, 2005). Cases with multiple guideline calculations are classified by the guideline with the highest offense level.
Summary numbers may not add up to their component parts due to rounding.

3
1

OFFENDERS SENTENCED FOR EACH CHAPTER TWO GUIDELINE
Special Post-Booker Coding Project (Data Extracted November 1, 2005)

Guideline

As Primary
Guideline
n
%

2A1.1
2A1.2
2A1.3
2A1.4
2A1.5
2A2.1
2A2.2
2A2.3
2A2.4
2A3.1
2A3.2
2A3.3
2A3.4
2A4.1
2A4.2
2A5.1
2A5.2
2A5.3
2A6.1
2A6.2
2B1.1
2B1.2
2B1.3
2B1.4
2B1.5
2B2.1
2B2.2
2B2.3
2B3.1
2B3.2
2B3.3
2B4.1
2B5.1
2B5.2
2B5.3
2B5.4
2B6.1
2C1.1
2C1.2
2C1.3
2C1.4
2C1.5
2C1.6
2C1.7
2D1.1
2D1.2
2D1.3
2D1.4
2D1.5
2D1.6
2D1.7

101
24
14
27
11
32
239
25
93
103
106
5
26
44
1
0
8
0
98
5
4,796
0
4
1
7
40
0
1
1,284
33
10
42
355
0
95
0
11
169
16
5
2
0
0
29
16,471
234
0
0
13
24
10

0.2
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.5
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.0
10.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
2.9
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.8
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
36.9
0.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0

As Any
Guideline
n
109
28
14
27
29
55
277
28
107
108
123
5
36
59
1
1
8
0
103
11
5,219
0
4
1
7
48
0
1
1,365
55
14
44
379
0
105
0
11
186
16
5
2
0
0
32
17,254
241
0
0
17
127
11

%
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.6
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.0
10.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
2.8
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.8
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
35.5
0.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.3
0.0

Guideline
2D1.8
2D1.9
2D1.10
2D1.11
2D1.12
2D1.13
2D2.1
2D2.2
2D2.3
2D3.1
2D3.2
2D3.3
2D3.4
2D3.5
2E1.1
2E1.2
2E1.3
2E1.4
2E1.5
2E2.1
2E3.1
2E3.2
2E3.3
2E4.1
2E5.1
2E5.2
2E5.3
2E5.4
2E5.5
2E5.6
2F1.1
2F1.2
2G1.1
2G1.2
2G1.3
2G2.1
2G2.2
2G2.3
2G2.4
2G2.5
2G3.1
2G3.2
2H1.1
2H1.2
2H1.3
2H1.4
2H1.5
2H2.1
2H3.1
2H3.2
2H3.3

As Primary
Guideline
n
%
39
0
15
129
24
0
261
26
1
3
0
0
0
0
21
10
0
10
0
26
77
0
0
18
8
0
2
0
0
0
882
2
49
1
27
69
317
0
303
1
9
0
41
0
0
0
0
8
6
0
8

0.1
0.0
0.0
0.3
0.1
0.0
0.6
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.7
0.0
0.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0

As Any
Guideline
n
66
0
16
143
36
0
322
30
1
3
0
0
0
0
77
61
15
15
0
32
92
0
0
24
12
0
6
0
0
0
938
3
83
1
28
81
330
0
336
1
12
0
46
0
0
0
0
8
7
0
12

%
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.3
0.1
0.0
0.7
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.9
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.7
0.0
0.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0

4

(continued)

Guideline

As Primary
Guideline
n
%

As Any
Guideline
n

2H4.1
2H4.2
2J1.1
2J1.2
2J1.3
2J1.4
2J1.5
2J1.6
2J1.7
2J1.8
2J1.9
2K1.1
2K1.2
2K1.3
2K1.4
2K1.5
2K1.6
2K1.7
2K2.1
2K2.2
2K2.3
2K2.4
2K2.5
2K2.6
2K3.1
2L1.1
2L1.2
2L1.3
2L2.1
2L2.2
2L2.3
2L2.4
2L2.5
2M1.1
2M2.1
2M2.2
2M2.3
2M2.4
2M3.1
2M3.2
2M3.3
2M3.4
2M3.5
2M3.6
2M3.7
2M3.8
2M3.9

7
0
0
82
42
10
2
37
95
0
0
3
0
29
40
9
1
0
4,697
0
0
1
10
2
0
2,200
7,175
0
279
665
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0

7
0
19
115
60
20
2
50
100
0
0
4
0
29
54
9
1
0
4,972
0
0
1
11
3
0
2,257
7,268
0
299
710
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0

0.0
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
10.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
4.9
16.1
0.0
0.6
1.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0

%
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
10.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
4.6
15.0
0.0
0.6
1.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0

Guideline
2M4.1
2M5.1
2M5.2
2M5.3
2M6.1
2M6.2
2N1.1
2N1.2
2N1.3
2N2.1
2N3.1
2P1.1
2P1.2
2P1.3
2P1.4
2Q1.1
2Q1.2
2Q1.3
2Q1.4
2Q1.5
2Q1.6
2Q2.1
2Q2.2
2R1.1
2S1.1
2S1.2
2S1.3
2S1.4
2T1.1
2T1.2
2T1.3
2T1.4
2T1.5
2T1.6
2T1.7
2T1.8
2T1.9
2T2.1
2T2.2
2T3.1
2T3.2
2T4.1
2X1.1
2X2.1
2X3.1
2X4.1
2X5.1

As Primary
Guideline
n
%
0
7
17
4
12
1
1
2
0
26
1
154
55
9
0
0
32
33
0
0
0
75
0
12
672
15
183
0
361
0
1
77
0
9
0
0
11
0
0
21
0
0
91
0
81
302
0

0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.3
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.0
1.5
0.0
0.4
0.0
0.8
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.2
0.7
0.0

Total number of guidelines applied:
Number of cases with at least one guideline applied:

1

As Any
Guideline
n
0
7
19
7
12
1
1
2
0
46
3
169
74
9
0
0
34
33
0
0
0
78
0
13
741
21
209
0
439
0
1
83
0
10
0
0
22
1
0
26
0
0
963
35
95
314
38

%
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.3
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.0
1.5
0.0
0.4
0.0
0.9
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
2.0
0.1
0.2
0.6
0.1

48,609
44,660

Of the 48,105 cases, 3,445 were excluded due to missing guideline applied. The total for any guideline can exceed that for primary guideline because
a case can have several guidelines applied, but only one primary guideline.
SOURCE: U.S. Sentencing Commission, Special Post-Booker Coding Project, BOOKER05 (data extracted November 1, 2005;
table prepared November 10, 2005). Percents may not sum to 100 percent due to rounding.

5
1

GUIDELINE OFFENDERS IN EACH CIRCUIT AND DISTRICT
Special Post-Booker Coding Project (Data Extracted November 1, 2005)

CIRCUIT
District
TOTAL
D.C. CIRCUIT
District of Columbia

Number

Percent

48,105

100.0

375
375

0.8
0.8

FIRST CIRCUIT
Maine
Massachusetts
New Hampshire
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island

1,088
158
337
133
363
97

2.3
0.3
0.7
0.3
0.8
0.2

SECOND CIRCUIT
Connecticut
New York
Eastern
Northern
Southern
Western
Vermont

2,847
281

5.9
0.6

848
250
851
468
149

1.8
0.5
1.8
1.0
0.3

THIRD CIRCUIT
Delaware
New Jersey
Pennsylvania
Eastern
Middle
Western
Virgin Islands

2,378
117
718

4.9
0.2
1.5

722
457
292
72

1.5
1.0
0.6
0.1

FOURTH CIRCUIT
Maryland
North Carolina
Eastern
Middle
Western
South Carolina
Virginia
Eastern
Western
West Virginia
Northern
Southern

4,462
513

9.3
1.1

459
334
381
745

1.0
0.7
0.8
1.5

1,119
454

2.3
0.9

208
249

0.4
0.5

CIRCUIT
District

Number

Percent

FIFTH CIRCUIT
Louisiana
Eastern
Middle
Western
Mississippi
Northern
Southern
Texas
Eastern
Northern
Southern
Western

10,637

22.1

226
131
291

0.5
0.3
0.6

146
244

0.3
0.5

531
623
4,672
3,773

1.1
1.3
9.7
7.8

SIXTH CIRCUIT
Kentucky
Eastern
Western
Michigan
Eastern
Western
Ohio
Northern
Southern
Tennessee
Eastern
Middle
Western

3,721

7.7

355
275

0.7
0.6

476
274

1.0
0.6

719
431

1.5
0.9

481
259
451

1.0
0.5
0.9

SEVENTH CIRCUIT
Illinois
Central
Northern
Southern
Indiana
Northern
Southern
Wisconsin
Eastern
Western

2,118

4.4

266
769
195

0.6
1.6
0.4

272
209

0.6
0.4

273
134

0.6
0.3

6
(continued)
CIRCUIT
District

Number

Percent

EIGHTH CIRCUIT
Arkansas
Eastern
Western
Iowa
Northern
Southern
Minnesota
Missouri
Eastern
Western
Nebraska
North Dakota
South Dakota

3,402

7.1

181
137

0.4
0.3

240
195
351

0.5
0.4
0.7

717
542
584
150
305

1.5
1.1
1.2
0.3
0.6

NINTH CIRCUIT
Alaska
Arizona
California
Central
Eastern
Northern
Southern
Guam
Hawaii
Idaho
Montana
Nevada
Northern Mariana Islands
Oregon
Washington
Eastern
Western

8,784
168
2,690

18.3
0.3
5.6

788
630
491
1,609
73
343
136
268
308
21
408

1.6
1.3
1.0
3.3
0.2
0.7
0.3
0.6
0.6
0.0
0.8

296
555

0.6
1.2

CIRCUIT
District

Number

Percent

TENTH CIRCUIT
Colorado
Kansas
New Mexico
Oklahoma
Eastern
Northern
Western
Utah
Wyoming

3,763
429
464
1,691

7.8
0.9
1.0
3.5

69
145
174
627
164

0.1
0.3
0.4
1.3
0.3

ELEVENTH CIRCUIT
Alabama
Middle
Northern
Southern
Florida
Middle
Northern
Southern
Georgia
Middle
Northern
Southern

4,530

9.4

122
302
211

0.3
0.6
0.4

1,098
235
1,494

2.3
0.5
3.1

307
520
241

0.6
1.1
0.5

SOURCE: U.S. Sentencing Commission, Special Post-Booker Coding Project, BOOKER05 (data extracted November 1, 2005;
table prepared November 10, 2005). Percents may not sum to 100 percent due to rounding.

7

Guideline Application Trends, National and Circuit
Fiscal Years 2001, 2002, 2003, Pre-Blakely FY2004, and Post-Booker FY20051
(Post-Booker data extracted November 1, 2005)
NATIONAL
Position of Sentence
Relative to Guideline Range
Within Range
Upward Departures
Otherwise Above Range
Substantial Assistance Departures
Other Gov’t Sponsored Departures
Other Downward Departures
Otherwise Below Range

FY2004

FY2005

FY2001

FY2002

FY2003

(Pre-Blakely)

(Booker)

64.0%

65.0%

69.4%

72.2%

61.7%

0.6%

0.8%

0.8%

0.8%

0.3%2

—

—

—

—

1.1%3

17.1%

17.4%

15.9%

15.5%

14.6%

—

—

6.3%4

6.4%

9.5%4

18.3%5

16.8%5

7.5%

5.2%

3.3%2

—

—

—

—

9.5%3

FY2004

FY2005

FY2001

FY2002

FY2003

(Pre-Blakely)

(Booker)

74.6%

59.9%

64.6%

59.2%

53.7%

0.4%

0.5%

0.2%

1.0%

0.0%2

—

—

—

—

1.4%3

13.8%

31.1%

26.4%

31.3%

27.0%

—

—

4.4%4

3.9%

6.3%4

11.2%5

8.5%5

4.4%

4.7%

2.5%2

—

—

—

—

9.3%3

FY2004

FY2005

FY2001

FY2002

FY2003

(Pre-Blakely)

(Booker)

73.3%

75.7%

77.3%

79.6%

64.0%

0.4%

0.6%

0.7%

0.9%

0.3%2

—

—

—

—

2.2%3

14.6%

14.4%

13.5%

13.8%

11.7%

—

—

4

0.7%

0.5%

2.8%4

11.7% 5

9.3% 5

7.8%

5.2%

4.2%2

—

—

—

—

15.1%3

DC CIRCUIT
Position of Sentence
Relative to Guideline Range
Within Range
Upward Departures
Otherwise Above Range
Substantial Assistance Departures
Other Gov’t Sponsored Departures
Other Downward Departures
Otherwise Below Range

FIRST CIRCUIT
Position of Sentence
Relative to Guideline Range
Within Range
Upward Departures
Otherwise Above Range
Substantial Assistance Departures
Other Gov’t Sponsored Departures
Other Downward Departures
Otherwise Below Range

(continued on next page)

8
(continued – page 2 of 5)

Guideline Application Trends, National and Circuit
Fiscal Years 2001, 2002, 2003, Pre-Blakely FY2004, and Post-Booker FY20051
SECOND CIRCUIT
Position of Sentence
Relative to Guideline Range
Within Range
Upward Departures
Otherwise Above Range
Substantial Assistance Departures
Other Gov’t Sponsored Departures
Other Downward Departures
Otherwise Below Range

FY2004

FY2005

FY2001

FY2002

FY2003

(Pre-Blakely)

(Booker)

57.5%

61.3%

63.2%

63.8%

49.3%

0.4%

0.6%

0.5%

0.9%

0.1%2

—

—

—

—

0.8%3

21.7%

19.0%

17.5%

19.2%

22.6%

—

—

4

2.8%

2.5%

2.7%4

20.4% 5

19.1%5

16.0%

13.6%

7.2%2

—

—

—

—

17.4%3

FY2004

FY2005

FY2001

FY2002

FY2003

(Pre-Blakely)

(Booker)

60.2%

58.9%

62.3%

62.6%

51.5%

0.5%

0.9%

0.9%

0.6%

0.3%2

—

—

—

—

1.1%3

30.6%

32.3%

28.8%

30.3%

27.5%

—

—

4

0.6%

0.8%

1.7%4

8.8% 5

7.9%5

7.4%

5.8%

3.7%2

—

—

—

—

14.3%3

FY2004

FY2005

FY2001

FY2002

FY2003

(Pre-Blakely)

(Booker)

73.7%

76.6%

77.0%

79.0%

66.6%

0.9%

0.7%

0.6%

1.0%

0.3%2

—

—

—

—

0.9%3

20.2%

18.6%

18.3%

16.7%

18.3%

—

—

0.3%4

0.3%

1.7%4

5.2% 5

4.2%5

3.8%

3.0%

2.5%2

—

—

—

—

9.8%3

THIRD CIRCUIT
Position of Sentence
Relative to Guideline Range
Within Range
Upward Departures
Otherwise Above Range
Substantial Assistance Departures
Other Gov’t Sponsored Departures
Other Downward Departures
Otherwise Below Range

FOURTH CIRCUIT
Position of Sentence
Relative to Guideline Range
Within Range
Upward Departures
Otherwise Above Range
Substantial Assistance Departures
Other Gov’t Sponsored Departures
Other Downward Departures
Otherwise Below Range

(continued on next page)

9
(continued – page 3 of 5)

Guideline Application, National and Circuit
Fiscal Years 2001, 2002, 2003, Pre-Blakely FY2004, and Post-Booker FY20051
FIFTH CIRCUIT
Position of Sentence
Relative to Guideline Range
Within Range
Upward Departures
Otherwise Above Range
Substantial Assistance Departures
Other Gov’t Sponsored Departures
Other Downward Departures
Otherwise Below Range

FY2004

FY2005

FY2001

FY2002

FY2003

(Pre-Blakely)

(Booker)

69.1%

71.0%

73.7%

80.2%

71.3%

0.5%

0.9%

0.9%

0.8%

0.3%2

—

—

—

—

1.5%3

12.3%

13.4%

12.5%

10.3%

7.9%

—

—

4

5.4%

5.2%

10.1%4

18.1% 5

14.7%5

7.5%

3.5%

2.6%2

—

—

—

—

6.3%3

FY2004

FY2005

FY2001

FY2002

FY2003

(Pre-Blakely)

(Booker)

65.1%

66.9%

69.1%

69.7%

58.5%

0.5%

0.8%

0.4%

0.5%

0.2%2

—

—

—

—

1.1%3

27.2%

26.0%

24.6%

24.3%

24.7%

—

—

4

0.5%

0.4%

1.9%4

7.3% 5

6.3%5

5.3%

5.1%

2.7%2

—

—

—

—

11.0%3

FY2004

FY2005

FY2001

FY2002

FY2003

(Pre-Blakely)

(Booker)

71.0%

69.3%

72.5%

75.4%

63.0%

1.0%

0.8%

1.0%

1.3%

0.3%2

—

—

—

—

0.8%3

21.2%

21.8%

21.2%

19.0%

17.2%

—

—

0.8%4

0.8%

3.0%4

6.9% 5

8.1%5

4.5%

3.6%

3.7%2

—

—

—

—

12.0%3

SIXTH CIRCUIT
Position of Sentence
Relative to Guideline Range
Within Range
Upward Departures
Otherwise Above Range
Substantial Assistance Departures
Other Gov’t Sponsored Departures
Other Downward Departures
Otherwise Below Range

SEVENTH CIRCUIT
Position of Sentence
Relative to Guideline Range
Within Range
Upward Departures
Otherwise Above Range
Substantial Assistance Departures
Other Gov’t Sponsored Departures
Other Downward Departures
Otherwise Below Range

(continued on next page)

10
(continued – page 4 of 5)

Guideline Application Trends By Circuit
Fiscal Years 2001, 2002, 2003, Pre-Blakely FY2004, and Post-Booker FY20051
EIGHTH CIRCUIT
Position of Sentence
Relative to Guideline Range
Within Range
Upward Departures
Otherwise Above Range
Substantial Assistance Departures
Other Gov’t Sponsored Departures
Other Downward Departures
Otherwise Below Range

FY2004

FY2005

FY2001

FY2002

FY2003

(Pre-Blakely)

(Booker)

66.8%

69.3%

72.2%

77.0%

64.7%

0.7%

1.2%

1.1%

0.9%

0.2%2

—

—

—

—

1.3%3

22.0%

18.9%

17.6%

15.3%

14.0%

—

—

4

2.0%

2.1%

4.7%4

10.5% 5

10.7%5

7.1%

4.7%

3.5%2

—

—

—

—

11.6%3

FY2004

FY2005

FY2001

FY2002

FY2003

(Pre-Blakely)

(Booker)

50.1%

48.8%

59.6%

61.8%

48.2%

0.4%

0.7%

1.1%

0.8%

0.3%2

—

—

—

—

0.7%3

10.7%

11.8%

10.2%

10.6%

10.6%

—

—

4

19.2%

20.4%

28.3%4

38.7% 5

38.7%5

9.9%

6.5%

3.6%2

—

—

—

—

8.3%3

FY2004

FY2005

FY2001

FY2002

FY2003

(Pre-Blakely)

(Booker)

65.0%

66.6%

73.1%

73.9%

66.1%

0.7%

0.6%

0.6%

0.7%

0.1%2

—

—

—

—

0.7%3

11.0%

11.0%

9.4%

10.3%

9.7%

—

—

11.4%4

10.7%

13.7%4

23.3% 5

21.9%5

5.5%

4.5%

2.9%2

—

—

—

—

6.7%3

NINTH CIRCUIT
Position of Sentence
Relative to Guideline Range
Within Range
Upward Departures
Otherwise Above Range
Substantial Assistance Departures
Other Gov’t Sponsored Departures
Other Downward Departures
Otherwise Below Range

TENTH CIRCUIT
Position of Sentence
Relative to Guideline Range
Within Range
Upward Departures
Otherwise Above Range
Substantial Assistance Departures
Other Gov’t Sponsored Departures
Other Downward Departures
Otherwise Below Range

(continued on next page)

11
(continued – page 5 of 5)

Guideline Application Trends By Circuit
Fiscal Years 2001, 2002, 2003, Pre-Blakely FY2004, and Post-Booker FY20051
ELEVENTH CIRCUIT
Position of Sentence
Relative to Guideline Range
Within Range
Upward Departures
Otherwise Above Range
Substantial Assistance Departures
Other Gov’t Sponsored Departures
Other Downward Departures
Otherwise Below Range

FY2004

FY2005

FY2001

FY2002

FY2003

(Pre-Blakely)

(Booker)

72.1%

70.2%

74.5%

74.7%

68.3%

0.6%

0.7%

0.8%

0.8%

0.4%2

—

—

—

—

1.3%3

19.9%

22.4%

19.9%

21.0%

17.5%

—

—

4

0.3%

0.2%

1.4%4

7.5% 5

6.7%5

4.5%

3.3%

2.8%2

—

—

—

—

8.4%3

1

In 2003, the Commission augmented its data coding procedures to determine the proportion of nonsubstantial assistance downward departures that were initiated by the government. Data prior to 2003 does
not distinguish non-substantial assistance government initiated downward departures from other downward
departures. In this table, data from FY2001and 2002 on “Other Downward Departures” combines both
government initiated and non-government initiated downward departures. For FY2003 and FY2004, the
“Other Downward Departures” data distinguishes departures that were initiated or supported by the
government from those not initiated/supported by the government. For example, using the national data,
6.3% of downward departures were government initiated and 7.5% were other downward departures; the
combination of these values (13.8%) is directly comparable to the data for “Other Downward Departures”
from the preceding years. For FY2004, this table reflects only cases sentenced prior to the Blakely v
Washington decision on June 24, 2004. For FY2005, this table reflects cases sentenced subsequent to the
U.S. v Booker decision on January 12, 2005, with court documentation cumulatively received, coded, and
edited at the U.S. Sentencing Commission by November 1, 2005. In these cases, a further distinction is
made among below guideline range sentences. The data report three categories of below range sentences:
those initiated/supported by the government; those not initiated by the government and citing reasons for
departure limited to, and affirmatively and specifically identified in the provisions, policy statements, or
commentary of the federal Guidelines Manual; and those mentioning only U.S. v. Booker, 18 U.S.C. § 3553,
or related factors as a reason for a sentence outside of the guideline range. Cases citing both reasons for
departure limited to, and affirmatively and specifically identified in the provisions, policy statements, or
commentary of the federal Guidelines Manual and mentioning U.S. v. Booker, 18 U.S.C. § 3553, or related
factors are included in the “Other Downward Departures” category.
2
Includes cases with imposed sentences outside of the guideline range and citing reasons for departure
limited to, and affirmatively and specifically identified in the provisions, policy statements, or commentary
of the federal Guidelines Manual and all cases with imposed sentences outside of the guideline range citing
reasons for departure limited to, and affirmatively and specifically identified in the provisions, policy
statements, or commentary of the federal Guidelines Manual, and additionally mentioning either U.S. v.
Booker, 18 U.S.C. § 3553, or related factors as a reason for a sentence outside of the guideline range.
3
Includes cases with imposed sentences outside of the guideline range mentioning only U.S. v. Booker, 18
U.S.C. § 3553, or related factors as a reason for a sentence outside of the guideline range and all cases with
imposed sentences outside of the guideline range that do not fall into the previous category. This category
includes cases which cite departure reasons that are not affirmatively and specifically identified in the
provisions, policy statements, or commentary of the federal Guidelines Manual and cases which do not
provide any reason for the sentence outside of the guideline range.
4
Cases with a reason for departure indicating that the prosecution initiates, proposes, or stipulates to a
sentence outside of the guideline range, either pursuant to a plea agreement or as part of a non-plea
negotiation with the defendant. Note that §5K3.1 (Early Disposition Program) cases are included in this
category.
5
Includes cases in which the below range sentence was initiated/supported by the government and those not
initiated/supported by the government. Prior to FY2003, the Commission did not code this distinction.
SOURCE: U.S. Sentencing Commission Sourcebook of Federal Sentencing, FY2001 through FY2003,
Table 26; U.S. Sentencing Commission 2004 Fiscal Year Data File, USSCFY04, Pre-Blakely Only Cases
(October 1, 2003 through June 24, 2004); Special Post-Booker Coding Project, BOOKER05 (data extracted
November 1, 2005; table prepared December 1, 2005). Percents may not sum to 100 percent due to
rounding.

Distribution of Offenders Receiving Sentencing Options for the Most Frequently Applied Guidelines
Fiscal Years 2000-2003, Pre-Blakely Fiscal Year 2004, and Post-Booker Fiscal Year 2005 (data extracted November 1,
FY 2000
N
%
1

Drug Trafficking §2D1.1
21,715
2
Prison only
20,422
3
Prison plus confinement conditions
430
Probation plus confinement conditions4
379
5
Probation only
484

FY 2001
N
%

FY 2002
N
%

FY 2003
N
%

Pre-Blakely
FY 2004
N
%

Post-Booker
FY2005
N
%

100.0
94.0
2.0
1.7
2.2

22,608
21,143
469
488
508

100.0
93.5
2.1
2.2
2.2

24,013
22,407
515
465
626

100.0
93.3
2.1
1.9
2.6

23,833
22,455
402
469
507

100.0
94.2
1.7
2.0
2.1

16,955
16,081
337
227
310

100.0
94.9
2.0
1.3
1.8

16,101
15,196
361
242
302

100.0
94.4
2.2
1.5
1.9

Immigration Unlawful Entry §2L1.2
6,341
2
Prison only
6,291
3
Prison plus confinement conditions
10
Probation plus confinement conditions4
1
5
Probation only
39

100.0
99.2
0.2
0.0
0.6

5,946
5,901
14
1
30

100.0
99.2
0.2
0.0
0.5

6,993
6,952
7
0
34

100.0
99.4
0.1
0.0
0.5

9,167
9,132
11
2
22

100.0
99.6
0.1
0.0
0.2

7,058
7,032
10
0
16

100.0
99.6
0.1
0.0
0.2

7,110
7,053
15
1
41

100.0
99.2
0.2
0.0
0.6

Firearms §2K2.11
2,997
Prison only2
2,604
3
Prison plus confinement conditions
104
Probation plus confinement conditions4
147
5
Probation only
142

100.0
86.9
3.5
4.9
4.7

3,629
3,177
141
155
156

100.0
87.5
3.9
4.3
4.3

4,173
3,680
158
139
196

100.0
88.2
3.8
3.3
4.7

5,425
4,779
174
224
248

100.0
88.1
3.2
4.1
4.6

4,782
4,292
128
160
202

100.0
89.8
2.7
3.4
4.2

4,541
4,063
142
169
167

100.0
89.5
3.1
3.7
3.7

Theft/Fraud §2B1.1 or §2F1.11
Prison only2
Prison plus confinement conditions3
Probation plus confinement conditions4
Probation only5

100.0
47.2
11.9
17.1
23.8

8,768
4,339
1,053
1,481
1,895

100.0
49.5
12.0
16.9
21.6

9,243
4,531
959
1,421
2,332

100.0
49.0
10.4
15.4
25.2

9,606
4,803
840
1,463
2,500

100.0
50.0
8.7
15.2
26.0

6,909
3,574
629
997
1,709

100.0
51.7
9.1
14.4
24.7

5,483
2,929
509
701
1,344

100.0
53.4
9.3
12.8
24.5

1

9,015
4,253
1,077
1,540
2,145

1

Sections report only cases with one single guideline application using the indicated guideline. Cases receiving only monetary sentences are excluded.
Prison only cases receive straight prison time.
3
Prison plus confinement cases receive a combination of prison time and alternative confinement time as defined in USSG §5C1.1.
4
Probation plus confinement cases receive, as a condition of probation, alternative confinement time as defined in USSG §5C1.1.
5
Probation only cases receive straight probation time.
2

SOURCE: U.S. Sentencing Commission, 2000-2003 Fiscal Year Datafiles, USSCFY00-USSCFY03; 2004 Fiscal Year Datafile, USSCFY04, Pre-Blakely Only
Cases (October 1, 2003 through June 24, 2004); Special Post-Booker Coding Project BOOKER05 (data extraction on November 1, 2005; table prepared
December 1, 2005). Numbers may not sum to 100 percent due to rounding.

12

13
1

Average and Median Sentence Imposed for the
Most Frequently Applied Guidelines
Fiscal Year 2000 and Fiscal Year 2001

Fiscal Year 2000
Average
Months

Median
GL
Months Median2

Fiscal Year 2001
N

Average
Months

Median
GL
Months Median2

51,342

50

30

N

All Cases (one guideline computation)3

50

30

Drug Trafficking §2D1.14
Prison only5
Prison plus confinement conditions6
Probation plus confinement conditions7
Probation only8

72
74
21
6
0

50
57
10
6
0

60
63
21
12
—

21,715
20,422
430
379
484

70
72
29
6
0

48
51
10
6
0

60
60
18
12
—

22,608
21,143
469
488
508

Immigration Unlawful Entry §2L1.24
Prison only5
Prison plus confinement conditions6
Probation plus confinement conditions7
Probation only8

36
36
21
—
0

33
33
10
—
0

46
33
10
—
—

6,341
6,291
10
1
39

35
35
20
—
0

30
30
10
—
0

46
46
12
—
—

5,946
5,901
14
1
30

Firearms §2K2.14
Prison only5
Prison plus confinement conditions6
Probation plus confinement conditions7
Probation only8

53
57
23
7
0

37
37
10
6
0

37
41
12
12
—

2,997
2,604
104
147
142

52
56
22
6
0

37
40
10
6
0

37
41
15
12
—

3,629
3,177
141
155
156

Theft/Fraud §2B1.1 or §2F1.14
Prison only5
Prison plus confinement conditions6
Probation plus confinement conditions7
Probation only8

14
19
9
5
0

10
15
8
6
0

10
15
8
6
—

9,015
4,253
1,077
1,540
2,145

15
20
9
5
0

10
15
8
6
0

12
15
8
6
—

8,768
4,339
1,053
1,481
1,895

1

51,809

Sentence data report the sum of imprisonment and any type of confinement as defined in USSG §5C1.1.
For the guideline range of the sentencing table applied to the case, the lower value of the sentencing range.
3
All statistics in the table report data for cases with one single guideline computation for the specified fiscal year. The “All Cases”
row reports all cases regardless of the one guideline applied. Cases receiving only monetary sentences are excluded.
4
Each guideline-specific section reports only cases with one single guideline application using the indicated guideline.
5
Prison only sentence categories report straight prison time.
6
Prison plus confinement sentence categories report the sum of prison time and alternative confinement time as defined in USSG
§5C1.1.
7
Probation plus confinement categories report statistics for cases receiving, as a condition of probation, alternative confinement time
as defined in USSG §5C1.1.
8
Probation only categories report cases receiving straight probation time. By definition, the confinement time is zero months for
these cases.
2

SOURCE: U.S. Sentencing Commission, 2000 and 2001 Fiscal Year Datafiles, USSCFY00 and USSCFY01.

14
1

Average and Median Sentence Imposed for the
Most Frequently Applied Guidelines
Fiscal Year 2002 and Fiscal Year 2003

Fiscal Year 2002
Average
Months

Median
GL
Months Median2

Fiscal Year 2003
N

Average
Months

Median
GL
Months Median2

55,856

52

30

N

All Cases (one guideline computation)3

51

30

Drug Trafficking §2D1.14
Prison only5
Prison plus confinement conditions6
Probation plus confinement conditions7
Probation only8

71
74
22
6
0

51
57
10
6
0

60
57
10
6
—

24,013
22,407
515
465
626

77
79
20
6
0

57
60
10
6
0

63
70
15
12
—

23,833
22,455
402
469
507

Immigration Unlawful Entry §2L1.24
Prison only5
Prison plus confinement conditions6
Probation plus confinement conditions7
Probation only8

30
30
20
—
0

27
27
10
—
0

30
30
10
—
—

6,993
6,952
7
0
34

28
28
22
—
0

24
24
10
—
0

27
27
10
—
—

9,167
9,132
11
2
22

Firearms §2K2.14
Prison only5
Prison plus confinement conditions6
Probation plus confinement conditions7
Probation only8

53
57
18
6
0

37
37
10
6
0

37
37
12
12
—

4,173
3,680
158
139
196

56
59
21
6
0

37
41
10
6
0

37
41
12
12
—

5,425
4,779
174
224
248

Theft/Fraud §2B1.1 or §2F1.14
Prison only5
Prison plus confinement conditions6
Probation plus confinement conditions7
Probation only8

16
20
9
6
0

10
15
10
6
0

12
15
10
6
—

9,243
4,531
959
1,421
2,332

16
21
9
6
0

12
16
10
6
0

12
18
10
6
—

9,606
4,803
840
1,463
2,500

1

60,786

Sentence data report the sum of imprisonment and any type of confinement as defined in USSG §5C1.1.
For the guideline range of the sentencing table applied to the case, the lower value of the sentencing range.
3
All statistics in the table report data for cases with one single guideline computation for the specified fiscal year. The “All Cases”
row reports all cases regardless of the one guideline applied. Cases receiving only monetary sentences are excluded.
4
Each guideline-specific section reports only cases with one single guideline application using the indicated guideline.
5
Prison only sentence categories report straight prison time.
6
Prison plus confinement sentence categories report the sum of prison time and alternative confinement time as defined in USSG
§5C1.1.
7
Probation plus confinement categories report statistics for cases receiving, as a condition of probation, alternative confinement
time as defined in USSG §5C1.1.
8
Probation only categories report cases receiving straight probation time. By definition, the confinement time is zero months for
these cases.
2

SOURCE: U.S. Sentencing Commission, 2002 and 2003 Fiscal Year Datafiles, USSCFY02 and USSCFY03.

15
1

Average and Median Sentence Imposed for the
Most Frequently Applied Guidelines
Pre-Blakely Fiscal Year 2004 and Post-Booker Fiscal Year 2005 (data extracted November 1, 2005)

Pre-Blakely FY 2004
Average
Months

Median
GL
Months Median2

Post-Booker FY2005
N

Average
Months

Median
GL
Months Median2

44,895

56

33

N

All Cases (one guideline computation)3

56

33

42,818

Drug Trafficking §2D1.14
Prison only5
Prison plus confinement conditions6
Probation plus confinement conditions7
Probation only8

83
86
22
6
0

60
60
10
6
0

70
70
12
12
—

16,955
16,081
337
227
310

83
86
20
6
0

60
63
10
6
0

70
78
18
15
—

16,101
15,196
361
242
302

Immigration Unlawful Entry §2L1.24
Prison only5
Prison plus confinement conditions6
Probation plus confinement conditions7
Probation only8

29
29
40
—
0

24
24
34
—
0

24
24
29
—
—

7,058
7,032
10
0
16

27
28
15
—
0

24
24
10
—
0

27
27
15
—
—

7,110
7,053
15
1
41

Firearms §2K2.14
Prison only5
Prison plus confinement conditions6
Probation plus confinement conditions7
Probation only8

59
63
21
6
0

40
42
10
6
0

41
46
10
10
—

4,782
4,292
128
160
202

59
62
28
6
0

37
41
10
6
0

37
41
12
12
—

4,541
4,063
142
169
167

Theft/Fraud §2B1.1 or §2F1.14
Prison only5
Prison plus confinement conditions6
Probation plus confinement conditions7
Probation only8

19
25
9
6
0

12
18
10
6
0

12
18
10
6
—

6,909
3,574
629
997
1,709

21
26
10
6
0

12
18
10
6
0

15
18
10
6
—

5,483
2,929
509
701
1,344

1

Sentence data report the sum of imprisonment and any type of confinement as defined in USSG §5C1.1.
For the guideline range of the sentencing table applied to the case, the lower value of the sentencing range.
3
All statistics in the table report data for cases with one single guideline computation for the specified fiscal year. The “All Cases”
row reports all cases regardless of the one guideline applied. Cases receiving only monetary sentences are excluded.
4
Each guideline-specific section reports only cases with one single guideline application using the indicated guideline.
5
Prison only sentence categories report straight prison time.
6
Prison plus confinement sentence categories report the sum of prison time and alternative confinement time as defined in USSG
§5C1.1.
7
Probation plus confinement categories report statistics for cases receiving, as a condition of probation, alternative confinement
time as defined in USSG §5C1.1.
8
Probation only categories report cases receiving straight probation time. By definition, the confinement time is zero months for
these cases.
2

SOURCE: U.S. Sentencing Commission, 2004 Fiscal Year Datafile, USSCFY04 Pre-Blakely Only Cases (October 1, 2003
through June 24, 2004); Special Post-Booker Coding Project BOOKER05 (data extraction on November 1, 2005; table prepared
December 1, 2005).

16
1

POST-BOOKER DEPARTURE/VARIANCE RATE BY CIRCUIT AND DISTRICT
Cases Sentenced Subsequent to U.S. v. Booker with Data Available to USSC on November 1, 2005

CIRCUIT
District
TOTAL

TOTAL

SENTENCED
WITHIN
GUIDELINE
RANGE
%

GOVERNMENT
SPONSORED DEPARTURES
BELOW THE
BELOW THE
GUIDELINE
GUIDELINE
RANGE
RANGE
%
%

OTHERWISE
BELOW THE
GUIDELINE
RANGE
%

DEPARTURES
ABOVE THE
GUIDELINE
RANGE
%

OTHERWISE
ABOVE THE
GUIDELINE
RANGE
%

46,470

28,665

61.7

11,239

24.2

1,529

3.3

4,410

9.5

122

0.3

505

1.1

367
367

197
197

53.7
53.7

122
122

33.2
33.2

9
9

2.5
2.5

34
34

9.3
9.3

0
0

0.0
0.0

5
5

1.4
1.4

FIRST CIRCUIT
Maine
Massachusetts
New Hampshire
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island

1,056
158
318
133
351
96

675
116
162
74
258
65

63.9
73.4
50.9
55.6
73.5
67.7

152
32
38
44
32
6

14.4
20.3
11.9
33.1
9.1
6.3

44
3
27
4
7
3

4.2
1.9
8.5
3.0
2.0
3.1

159
6
86
8
41
18

15.1
3.8
27.0
6.0
11.7
18.8

3
0
2
0
0
1

0.3
0.0
0.6
0.0
0.0
1.0

23
1
3
3
13
3

2.2
0.6
0.9
2.3
3.7
3.1

SECOND CIRCUIT
Connecticut
New York
Eastern
Northern
Southern
Western
Vermont

2,779
276

1,369
124

49.3
44.9

703
76

25.3
27.5

200
38

7.2
13.8

483
35

17.4
12.7

3
1

0.1
0.4

21
2

0.8
0.7

845
248
823
438
149

293
141
486
250
75

34.7
56.9
59.1
57.1
50.3

227
70
132
146
52

26.9
28.2
16.0
33.3
34.9

94
14
42
3
9

11.1
5.6
5.1
0.7
6.0

217
22
157
39
13

25.7
8.9
19.1
8.9
8.7

1
0
1
0
0

0.1
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0

13
1
5
0
0

1.5
0.4
0.6
0.0
0.0

THIRD CIRCUIT
Delaware
New Jersey
Pennsylvania
Eastern
Middle
Western
Virgin Islands

2,335
117
687

1,202
77
349

51.5
65.8
50.8

682
10
216

29.2
8.5
31.4

86
10
27

3.7
8.5
3.9

334
20
85

14.3
17.1
12.4

6
0
1

0.3
0.0
0.1

25
0
9

1.1
0.0
1.3

714
456
290
71

297
209
208
62

41.6
45.8
71.7
87.3

241
180
33
2

33.8
39.5
11.4
2.8

22
16
11
0

3.1
3.5
3.8
0.0

142
45
35
7

19.9
9.9
12.1
9.9

3
2
0
0

0.4
0.4
0.0
0.0

9
4
3
0

1.3
0.9
1.0
0.0

FOURTH CIRCUIT
Maryland
North Carolina
Eastern
Middle
Western
South Carolina
Virginia
Eastern
Western
West Virginia
Northern
Southern

4,242
493

2,824
238

66.6
48.3

847
156

20.0
31.6

104
26

2.5
5.3

414
67

9.8
13.6

14
1

0.3
0.2

39
5

0.9
1.0

456
332
379
714

250
256
226
506

54.8
77.1
59.6
70.9

164
38
114
129

36.0
11.4
30.1
18.1

9
7
9
15

2.0
2.1
2.4
2.1

29
28
28
60

6.4
8.4
7.4
8.4

1
0
0
3

0.2
0.0
0.0
0.4

3
3
2
1

0.7
0.9
0.5
0.1

969
454

743
266

76.7
58.6

63
129

6.5
28.4

14
9

1.4
2.0

128
43

13.2
9.5

3
4

0.3
0.9

18
3

1.9
0.7

204
241

158
181

77.5
75.1

22
32

10.8
13.3

7
8

3.4
3.3

15
16

7.4
6.6

0
2

0.0
0.8

2
2

1.0
0.8

D.C. CIRCUIT
District of Columbia

17

CIRCUIT
District

TOTAL

GOVERNMENT
SENTENCED
SPONSORED DEPARTURES
WITHIN
BELOW THE
BELOW THE
GUIDELINE
GUIDELINE
GUIDELINE
RANGE
RANGE
RANGE
%
%
%

OTHERWISE
BELOW THE
GUIDELINE
RANGE
%

DEPARTURES
ABOVE THE
GUIDELINE
RANGE
%

OTHERWISE
ABOVE THE
GUIDELINE
RANGE
%

FIFTH CIRCUIT
Louisiana
Eastern
Middle
Western
Mississippi
Northern
Southern
Texas
Eastern
Northern
Southern
Western

10,564

7,532

71.3

1,908

18.1

273

2.6

670

6.3

27

0.3

154

1.5

224
131
289

166
78
199

74.1
59.5
68.9

35
35
30

15.6
26.7
10.4

4
1
6

1.8
0.8
2.1

12
8
36

5.4
6.1
12.5

2
1
1

0.9
0.8
0.3

5
8
17

2.2
6.1
5.9

145
238

90
188

62.1
79.0

46
27

31.7
11.3

0
6

0.0
2.5

4
13

2.8
5.5

1
0

0.7
0.0

4
4

2.8
1.7

531
621
4,655
3,730

417
461
3,006
2,927

78.5
74.2
64.6
78.5

69
68
1,136
462

13.0
11.0
24.4
12.4

12
12
165
67

2.3
1.9
3.5
1.8

24
47
304
222

4.5
7.6
6.5
6.0

1
3
11
7

0.2
0.5
0.2
0.2

8
30
33
45

1.5
4.8
0.7
1.2

SIXTH CIRCUIT
Kentucky
Eastern
Western
Michigan
Eastern
Western
Ohio
Northern
Southern
Tennessee
Eastern
Middle
Western

3,605

2,107

58.4

959

26.6

98

2.7

396

11.0

6

0.2

39

1.1

345
256

180
182

52.2
71.1

133
56

38.6
21.9

1
4

0.3
1.6

24
14

7.0
5.5

0
0

0.0
0.0

7
0

2.0
0.0

472
272

267
187

56.6
68.8

128
47

27.1
17.3

19
7

4.0
2.6

55
25

11.7
9.2

1
1

0.2
0.4

2
5

0.4
1.8

713
411

408
196

57.2
47.7

170
135

23.8
32.8

36
11

5.0
2.7

94
63

13.2
15.3

1
0

0.1
0.0

4
6

0.6
1.5

465
232
439

299
139
249

64.3
59.9
56.7

115
53
122

24.7
22.8
27.8

2
8
10

0.4
3.4
2.3

42
30
49

9.0
12.9
11.2

0
0
3

0.0
0.0
0.7

7
2
6

1.5
0.9
1.4

SEVENTH CIRCUIT
Illinois
Central
Northern
Southern
Indiana
Northern
Southern
Wisconsin
Eastern
Western

2,080

1,310

63.0

419

20.1

77

3.7

250

12.0

7

0.3

17

0.8

258
751
194

140
451
159

54.3
60.1
82.0

59
171
13

22.9
22.8
6.7

11
36
5

4.3
4.8
2.6

45
87
14

17.4
11.6
7.2

1
1
2

0.4
0.1
1.0

2
5
1

0.8
0.7
0.5

267
205

175
130

65.5
63.4

72
55

27.0
26.8

8
4

3.0
2.0

12
12

4.5
5.9

0
1

0.0
0.5

0
3

0.0
1.5

273
132

145
110

53.1
83.3

43
6

15.8
4.5

10
3

3.7
2.3

69
11

25.3
8.3

2
0

0.7
0.0

4
2

1.5
1.5

EIGHTH CIRCUIT
Arkansas
Eastern
Western
Iowa
Northern
Southern
Minnesota
Missouri
Eastern
Western
Nebraska
North Dakota
South Dakota

3,366

2,177

64.7

631

18.7

119

3.5

390

11.6

5

0.1

44

1.3

170
136

113
95

66.5
69.9

27
27

15.9
19.9

5
2

2.9
1.5

24
12

14.1
8.8

1
0

0.6
0.0

0
0

0.0
0.0

240
195
344

170
91
185

70.8
46.7
53.8

36
40
73

15.0
20.5
21.2

1
6
23

0.4
3.1
6.7

24
54
61

10.0
27.7
17.7

0
0
0

0.0
0.0
0.0

9
4
2

3.8
2.1
0.6

706
541
581
149
304

464
357
369
105
228

65.7
66.0
63.5
70.5
75.0

145
102
131
30
20

20.5
18.9
22.5
20.1
6.6

28
5
35
4
10

4.0
0.9
6.0
2.7
3.3

62
66
44
10
33

8.8
12.2
7.6
6.7
10.9

1
0
0
0
3

0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.0

6
11
2
0
10

0.8
2.0
0.3
0.0
3.3

18

CIRCUIT
District

TOTAL

GOVERNMENT
SENTENCED
SPONSORED DEPARTURES
WITHIN
BELOW THE
BELOW THE
GUIDELINE
GUIDELINE
GUIDELINE
RANGE
RANGE
RANGE
%
%
%

OTHERWISE
BELOW THE
GUIDELINE
RANGE
%

DEPARTURES
ABOVE THE
GUIDELINE
RANGE
%

OTHERWISE
ABOVE THE
GUIDELINE
RANGE
%

NINTH CIRCUIT
Alaska
Arizona
California
Central
Eastern
Northern
Southern
Guam
Hawaii
Idaho
Montana
Nevada
Northern Mariana Islands
Oregon
Washington
Eastern
Western

8,090
164
2,644

3,899
95
755

48.2
57.9
28.6

3,144
31
1,685

38.9
18.9
63.7

290
2
85

3.6
1.2
3.2

672
33
90

8.3
20.1
3.4

27
0
21

0.3
0.0
0.8

58
3
8

0.7
1.8
0.3

379
626
479
1,482
71
339
134
264
299
20
391

348
330
296
822
33
161
53
202
215
17
208

91.8
52.7
61.8
55.5
46.5
47.5
39.6
76.5
71.9
85.0
53.2

16
226
103
466
31
105
57
28
34
3
83

4.2
36.1
21.5
31.4
43.7
31.0
42.5
10.6
11.4
15.0
21.2

3
17
16
83
4
15
5
10
9
0
15

0.8
2.7
3.3
5.6
5.6
4.4
3.7
3.8
3.0
0.0
3.8

12
49
60
103
3
52
17
13
35
0
79

3.2
7.8
12.5
7.0
4.2
15.3
12.7
4.9
11.7
0.0
20.2

0
1
0
1
0
0
0
2
0
0
1

0.0
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.8
0.0
0.0
0.3

0
3
4
7
0
6
2
9
6
0
5

0.0
0.5
0.8
0.5
0.0
1.8
1.5
3.4
2.0
0.0
1.3

286
512

175
189

61.2
36.9

61
215

21.3
42.0

7
19

2.4
3.7

37
89

12.9
17.4

1
0

0.3
0.0

5
0

1.7
0.0

TENTH CIRCUIT
Colorado
Kansas
New Mexico
Oklahoma
Eastern
Northern
Western
Utah
Wyoming

3,675
407
461
1,668

2,429
206
306
1,090

66.1
50.6
66.4
65.3

860
118
96
483

23.4
29.0
20.8
29.0

108
21
10
37

2.9
5.2
2.2
2.2

247
55
46
50

6.7
13.5
10.0
3.0

5
2
2
1

0.1
0.5
0.4
0.1

26
5
1
7

0.7
1.2
0.2
0.4

69
145
159
604
162

63
116
116
433
99

91.3
80.0
73.0
71.7
61.1

5
19
18
76
45

7.2
13.1
11.3
12.6
27.8

1
0
6
28
5

1.4
0.0
3.8
4.6
3.1

0
6
13
64
13

0.0
4.1
8.2
10.6
8.0

0
0
0
0
0

0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0

0
4
6
3
0

0.0
2.8
3.8
0.5
0.0

ELEVENTH CIRCUIT
Alabama
Middle
Northern
Southern
Florida
Middle
Northern
Southern
Georgia
Middle
Northern
Southern

4,311

2,944

68.3

812

18.8

121

2.8

361

8.4

19

0.4

54

1.3

120
296
210

71
181
135

59.2
61.1
64.3

43
75
55

35.8
25.3
26.2

2
4
7

1.7
1.4
3.3

4
26
8

3.3
8.8
3.8

0
2
1

0.0
0.7
0.5

0
8
4

0.0
2.7
1.9

1,091
230
1,404

696
161
1,063

63.8
70.0
75.7

260
43
144

23.8
18.7
10.3

38
4
29

3.5
1.7
2.1

85
13
149

7.8
5.7
10.6

2
5
4

0.2
2.2
0.3

10
4
15

0.9
1.7
1.1

265
500
195

180
324
133

67.9
64.8
68.2

62
95
35

23.4
19.0
17.9

0
27
10

0.0
5.4
5.1

17
51
8

6.4
10.2
4.1

1
1
3

0.4
0.2
1.5

5
2
6

1.9
0.4
3.1

1

Of the 48,105 cases, 69 cases with no analogous guidelines were excluded from the table. Of the remaining 48,036 cases, 1,635 were excluded due

to missing departure information.
Descriptions of variables used in this table are provided in Appendix A.
SOURCE: U.S. Sentencing Commission, Special Post-Booker Coding Project, BOOKER05 (data extracted November 1, 2005;
table prepared November 8, 2005). Summary numbers may add up to their component parts due to rounding

19
SUBSTANTIAL ASSISTANCE CASES: DEGREE OF DEPARTURE
1
FOR OFFENDERS IN EACH PRIMARY OFFENSE CATEGORY
Cases Sentenced Subsequent to U.S. v. Booker with Data Available to USSC on November 1, 2005
DEGREE OF DECREASE
FOR SUBSTANTIAL ASSISTANCE

PRIMARY OFFENSE
TOTAL
Murder
Manslaughter
Kidnapping/Hostage Taking
Sexual Abuse
Assault
Robbery
Arson
Drugs - Trafficking
Drugs - Communication Facility
Drugs - Simple Possession
Firearms
Burglary/B&E
Auto Theft
Larceny
Fraud
Embezzlement
Forgery/Counterfeiting
Bribery
Tax
Money Laundering
Racketeering/Extortion
Gambling/Lottery
Civil Rights
Immigration
Pornography/Prostitution
Prison Offenses
Administration of Justice Offenses
Environmental/Wildlife
National Defense
Antitrust
Food & Drug
Other Miscellaneous Offenses

n
6,496
5
0
3
3
10
113
6
4,160
41
9
571
1
7
88
615
10
58
40
60
154
122
13
8
210
33
7
89
12
5
4
4
35

Median
Sentence
2
in Months
36.0
180.0
-108.0
28.0
45.0
60.0
35.5
48.0
6.0
2.6
37.0
-19.0
6.0
1.8
6.0
2.0
6.0
0.0
12.0
26.0
0.0
14.0
8.8
37.0
2.0
0.0
0.0
0.4
4.5
0.0
1.0

Median Decrease
in Months From
Guideline Minimum
28.0
240.0
-115.5
18.0
17.0
33.0
22.5
39.0
12.2
10.0
24.0
-20.0
10.0
12.0
13.5
11.5
16.5
10.0
20.5
30.0
8.0
11.5
9.0
19.0
6.0
12.0
10.0
18.0
5.5
12.0
14.0

Median Percent
Decrease From
Guideline Minimum
49.9
69.3
-47.1
39.1
27.1
34.8
40.8
46.3
70.7
56.3
46.8
-50.4
63.8
90.9
79.5
87.1
83.5
100.0
62.3
52.6
100.0
40.4
47.8
30.2
66.7
100.0
100.0
98.0
62.5
99.9
90.5

1

Of the 48,105 cases, 6,796 received a substantial assistance departure. Of these, 6,543 had complete guideline application information. An additional
30 cases were excluded due to several logical criteria. Of the remaining 6,513 cases, 17 were excluded due to one or both of the following reasons:
missing primary offense category (0) or missing sentence information (17).

2

Cases with guideline minimums of life or probation (i.e., sentence lengths of zero months) were included in the sentence average computations as 470
months and zero months respectively, but were excluded from measures of decrease in the table.
SOURCE: U.S. Sentencing Commission, Special Post-Booker Coding Project, BOOKER05 (data extracted November 1, 2005;
table prepared November 8, 2005). Summary numbers may add up to their component parts due to rounding.

20
GOVERNMENT INITIATED DOWNWARD DEPARTURE CASES: DEGREE OF DEPARTURE
1
FOR OFFENDERS IN EACH PRIMARY OFFENSE CATEGORY
Cases Sentenced Subsequent to U.S. v. Booker with Data Available to USSC on November 1, 2005
DEGREE OF DECREASE
FOR GOVERNMENT INITIATED
DOWNWARD DEPARTURE3

PRIMARY OFFENSE
TOTAL
Murder
Manslaughter
Kidnapping/Hostage Taking
Sexual Abuse
Assault
Robbery
Arson
Drugs - Trafficking
Drugs - Communication Facility
Drugs - Simple Possession
Firearms
Burglary/B&E
Auto Theft
Larceny
Fraud
Embezzlement
Forgery/Counterfeiting
Bribery
Tax
Money Laundering
Racketeering/Extortion
Gambling/Lottery
Civil Rights
Immigration
Pornography/Prostitution
Prison Offenses
Administration of Justice Offenses
Environmental/Wildlife
National Defense
Antitrust
Food & Drug
Other Miscellaneous Offenses

n
4,120
1
0
1
17
24
20
1
1,057
8
0
153
1
2
18
76
6
10
6
11
21
17
4
0
2,590
20
4
25
4
1
1
2
19

Median
Sentence
in Months2
24.0
---50.0
23.0
74.0
-27.0
11.6
-31.0
--2.5
8.6
0.0
7.0
2.5
6.0
16.0
27.0
3.0
-24.0
37.0
8.0
12.0
5.0
---5.0

Median Decrease
in Months From
Guideline Minimum
9.0
---26.4
11.5
28.5
-10.0
29.4
-12.0
--10.0
10.0
7.0
11.0
10.0
10.0
8.5
11.0
10.0
-7.0
19.0
13.5
9.0
7.5
---10.0

Median Percent
Decrease From
Guideline Minimum
27.3
---39.4
39.3
29.9
-33.3
71.7
-26.7
--83.2
50.6
99.4
73.9
86.7
50.0
44.4
20.0
87.5
-25.0
26.6
50.6
42.7
58.3
---66.7

1

Of the 48,105 cases, 4,443 received a government initiated downward departure. Of these, 4,277 had complete guideline application information.
An additional 145 cases were excluded due to several logical criteria. Of the remaining 4,132 cases, 12 were excluded due to one or both of the
following reasons: missing primary offense category (0) or missing sentence information (12).

2

Cases with guideline minimums of life or probation (i.e., sentence lengths of zero months) were included in the sentence average computations as 470
months and zero months respectively, but were excluded from measures of decrease in the table.
SOURCE: U.S. Sentencing Commission, Special Post-Booker Coding Project, BOOKER05 (data extracted November 1, 2005;
table prepared November 8, 2005). Summary numbers may add up to their component parts due to rounding.

21
OTHER DOWNWARD DEPARTURE CASES: DEGREE OF DEPARTURE
1
FOR OFFENDERS IN EACH PRIMARY OFFENSE CATEGORY
Cases Sentenced Subsequent to U.S. v. Booker with Data Available to USSC on November 1, 2005
DEGREE OF DECREASE FOR
OTHER DOWNWARD DEPARTURE 3

PRIMARY OFFENSE
TOTAL
Murder
Manslaughter
Kidnapping/Hostage Taking
Sexual Abuse
Assault
Robbery
Arson
Drugs - Trafficking
Drugs - Communication Facility
Drugs - Simple Possession
Firearms
Burglary/B&E
Auto Theft
Larceny
Fraud
Embezzlement
Forgery/Counterfeiting
Bribery
Tax
Money Laundering
Racketeering/Extortion
Gambling/Lottery
Civil Rights
Immigration
Pornography/Prostitution
Prison Offenses
Administration of Justice Offenses
Environmental/Wildlife
National Defense
Antitrust
Food & Drug
Other Miscellaneous Offenses

n
1,433
3
4
0
8
21
43
1
483
5
2
197
1
1
26
135
10
14
4
27
22
18
2
1
308
33
5
37
2
2
1
0
17

Median
Sentence
in Months2
24.0
70.0
24.0
-16.5
12.0
58.0
-60.0
0.0
-21.0
--0.0
1.0
3.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
19.5
25.5
--24.0
12.0
18.0
5.0
----0.0

Median Decrease
in Months From
Guideline Minimum
12.0
27.0
11.0
-7.5
12.0
21.0
-17.0
24.0
-12.0
--7.0
10.0
9.5
12.0
7.0
10.0
9.5
12.5
--9.0
17.0
6.0
10.0
----10.0

Median Percent
Decrease From
Guideline Minimum
34.8
27.8
26.8
-18.1
42.4
22.4
-27.7
99.9
-35.0
--100.0
93.9
77.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
39.9
28.6
--27.1
65.7
25.0
66.7
----99.7

1

Of the 48,105 cases, 1,529 received an other downward departure. Of these, 1,438 had complete guideline application information. An additional one cases
were excluded due to several logical criteria. Of the remaining 1,437 cases, four were excluded due to one or both of the following reasons: missing
primary offense category (0) or missing sentence information (4).

2

Cases with guideline minimums of life or probation (i.e., sentence lengths of zero months) were included in the sentence average computations as 470
months and zero months respectively, but were excluded from measures of decrease in the table.
SOURCE: U.S. Sentencing Commission, Special Post-Booker Coding Project, BOOKER05 (data extracted November 1, 2005;
table prepared November 8, 2005). Summary numbers may add up to their component parts due to rounding.

22
CASES OTHERWISE BELOW GUIDELINE RANGE: DEGREE OF VARIANCE
1
FOR OFFENDERS IN EACH PRIMARY OFFENSE CATEGORY
Cases Sentenced Subsequent to U.S. v. Booker with Data Available to USSC on November 1, 2005
DEGREE OF DECREASE FOR

PRIMARY OFFENSE
TOTAL
Murder
Manslaughter
Kidnapping/Hostage Taking
Sexual Abuse
Assault
Robbery
Arson
Drugs - Trafficking
Drugs - Communication Facility
Drugs - Simple Possession
Firearms
Burglary/B&E
Auto Theft
Larceny
Fraud
Embezzlement
Forgery/Counterfeiting
Bribery
Tax
Money Laundering
Racketeering/Extortion
Gambling/Lottery
Civil Rights
Immigration
Pornography/Prostitution
Prison Offenses
Administration of Justice Offenses
Environmental/Wildlife
National Defense
Antitrust
Food & Drug
Other Miscellaneous Offenses

n
4,073
8
2
1
21
29
97
2
1,484
45
13
582
6
5
110
464
40
55
16
77
88
38
8
6
612
106
17
69
10
2
0
3
57

Median
Sentence
in Months2
27.0
108.5
--16.0
8.0
50.0
-60.0
12.0
15.0
35.0
4.7
24.0
0.0
5.1
0.5
5.4
0.0
1.0
12.0
38.5
0.0
36.5
18.0
24.0
12.0
6.0
0.0
--5.0
0.0

OTHERWISE BELOW GUIDELINE RANGE3
Median Decrease
Median Percent
in Months From
Decrease From
Guideline Minimum
Guideline Minimum
12.0
33.3
24.0
19.8
----21.0
44.8
9.0
50.0
18.0
20.5
--19.0
26.3
9.0
35.1
10.0
46.8
12.0
28.1
6.0
56.2
9.0
36.5
6.0
100.0
10.0
66.7
8.0
96.3
8.0
62.5
10.0
100.0
10.0
90.0
11.0
52.8
12.0
35.1
6.0
100.0
6.0
22.2
9.0
33.3
15.0
35.0
6.0
41.2
9.0
60.0
6.0
100.0
----7.0
58.3
9.0
100.0

1

Of the 48,105 cases, 4,410 were otherwise below the guideline range and did not cite reasons for departure limited to, and affirmatively and specifically
identified in the provisions, policy statements, or commentary of the federal Guidelines Manual. Of these, 4,089 had complete guideline application
information. An additional six cases were excluded due to several logical criteria. Of the remaining 4,083 cases, 10 were excluded due to one or both of
the following reasons: missing primary offense category (0) or missing sentence information (10).

2

Cases with guideline minimums of life or probation (i.e., sentence lengths of zero months) were included in the sentence average computations as 470
months and zero months respectively, but were excluded from measures of decrease in the table.
SOURCE: U.S. Sentencing Commission, Special Post-Booker Coding Project, BOOKER05 (data extracted November 1, 2005;
table prepared November 8, 2005). Summary numbers may add up to their component parts due to rounding.

23
UPWARD DEPARTURE CASES: DEGREE OF DEPARTURE
1
FOR OFFENDERS IN EACH PRIMARY OFFENSE CATEGORY
Cases Sentenced Subsequent to U.S. v. Booker with Data Available to USSC on November 1, 2005
DEGREE OF INCREASE
FOR UPWARD DEPARTURE3

PRIMARY OFFENSE
TOTAL
Murder
Manslaughter
Kidnapping/Hostage Taking
Sexual Abuse
Assault
Robbery
Arson
Drugs - Trafficking
Drugs - Communication Facility
Drugs - Simple Possession
Firearms
Burglary/B&E
Auto Theft
Larceny
Fraud
Embezzlement
Forgery/Counterfeiting
Bribery
Tax
Money Laundering
Racketeering/Extortion
Gambling/Lottery
Civil Rights
Immigration
Pornography/Prostitution
Prison Offenses
Administration of Justice Offenses
Environmental/Wildlife
National Defense
Antitrust
Food & Drug
Other Miscellaneous Offenses

n
118
3
3
0
3
4
3
0
15
0
0
22
0
0
1
20
0
3
0
0
0
1
0
0
28
7
0
3
0
0
0
0
2

Median
Sentence
in Months2
60.0
228.0
96.0
-97.0
110.0
144.0
-48.0
--93.0
---54.0
-48.0
------21.0
120.0
-12.0
------

Median Increase
in Months From
Guideline Maximum
14.0
105.0
18.0
-40.0
18.5
27.0
-11.0
--22.0
---14.0
-14.0
------6.0
33.0
-6.0
------

Median Percent
Increase From
Guideline Maximum
30.4
77.8
23.1
-70.2
67.8
30.4
-22.2
--29.7
---53.7
-75.0
------26.8
37.4
-66.7
------

1

Of the 48,105 cases, 122 received an upward departure. Of these, 119 had complete guideline application information. An additional one cases
were excluded due to several logical criteria. Of the remaining 118 cases, zero were excluded due to one or both of the following reasons: missing
primary offense category (0) or missing sentence information (0).

2

Cases with guideline maximums of life or probation (i.e., sentence lengths of zero months) were included in the sentence average computations as 470
months and zero months respectively, but were excluded from measures of decrease in the table.
SOURCE: U.S. Sentencing Commission, Special Post-Booker Coding Project, BOOKER05 (data extracted November 1, 2005;
table prepared November 8, 2005). Summary numbers may add up to their component parts due to rounding.

24
CASES OTHERWISE ABOVE GUIDELINE RANGE: DEGREE OF VARIANCE
1
FOR OFFENDERS IN EACH PRIMARY OFFENSE CATEGORY
Cases Sentenced Subsequent to U.S. v. Booker with Data Available to USSC on November 1, 2005

PRIMARY OFFENSE
TOTAL
Murder
Manslaughter
Kidnapping/Hostage Taking
Sexual Abuse
Assault
Robbery
Arson
Drugs - Trafficking
Drugs - Communication Facility
Drugs - Simple Possession
Firearms
Burglary/B&E
Auto Theft
Larceny
Fraud
Embezzlement
Forgery/Counterfeiting
Bribery
Tax
Money Laundering
Racketeering/Extortion
Gambling/Lottery
Civil Rights
Immigration
Pornography/Prostitution
Prison Offenses
Administration of Justice Offenses
Environmental/Wildlife
National Defense
Antitrust
Food & Drug
Other Miscellaneous Offenses

n
445
3
3
0
12
17
14
0
56
1
8
77
0
3
20
82
1
9
0
5
7
10
0
0
79
18
6
7
0
0
0
0
7

Median
Sentence
in Months2
57.0
228.0
41.0
-234.0
60.0
180.0
-80.0
-24.0
72.0
-36.0
24.0
45.0
-60.0
-36.0
108.0
65.5
--39.0
132.0
41.5
30.0
----24.0

DEGREE OF INCREASE
OTHERWISE ABOVE GUIDELINE RANGE3
Median Increase
Median Percent
in Months From
Increase From
Guideline Maximum
Guideline Maximum
12.0
33.3
40.0
21.3
8.0
24.2
--37.5
18.7
18.0
37.9
34.5
36.2
--16.5
27.7
--9.0
83.3
15.0
30.4
--18.0
100.0
8.0
46.4
11.0
33.3
--19.0
73.2
--9.0
33.3
14.0
66.7
15.0
24.5
----9.0
30.0
34.5
41.4
6.5
31.3
10.0
50.0
--------12.0
50.0

1

Of the 48,105 cases, 505 were otherwise above the guideline range and did not cite reasons for departure limited to, and affirmatively and specifically
identified in the provisions, policy statements, or commentary of the federal Guidelines Manual. Of these, 463 had complete guideline application information.
An additional 16 cases were excluded due to several logical criteria. Of the remaining 447 cases, two were excluded due to one or both of the following
reasons: missing primary offense category (0) or missing sentence information (2).

2

Cases with guideline maximums of life or probation (i.e., sentence lengths of zero months) were included in the sentence average computations as 470
months and zero months respectively, but were excluded from measures of decrease in the table.
SOURCE: U.S. Sentencing Commission, Special Post-Booker Coding Project, BOOKER05 (data extracted November 1, 2005;
table prepared November 8, 2005). Summary numbers may add up to their component parts due to rounding.