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Pending Grievance Does Not Satisfy PLRA Exhaustion Requirement
The U.S. Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals, upholding a federal district
court's dismissal of a jail prisoner's 42 U.S.C. §1983 suit, held that
administrative remedies are not exhausted so long as a grievance
is "pending."
Lawrence Winder was a pretrial detainee in the Cook County Jail in
Chicago, Illinois in September, 2001 when he slipped and fell in the
shower. He delivered a written grievance for filing to a Lieutenant
Rosario. Rosario did not file the grievance.
Winder filed a second grievance regarding both the fall and Rosario's
failure to file the first grievance. The grievance was denied on October
30, 2001 and Winder appealed.
While the grievance appeal was still pending, Winder sued Cook County Jail
officials on December 5, 2001 under 42 U.S.C. §1983 for failure to treat
injuries he sustained in the fall. The district court dismissed the suit
under 42 U.S.C. §1997e(a) for failure to exhaust remedies. Winder appealed.
Winder argued that, although his grievance appeal was pending, he was not
actually required to exhaust administrative remedies due to Lieutenant
Rosario's failure to file his first grievance. Citing Lewis v. Washington,
300 F.3d 829, 833 (7th Cir. 2001), the appeals court agreed that if prison
officials refuse to answer filed complaints and grievances, administrative
remedies are not "available" for purposes of 42 U.S.C. §1997e(a). Winder,
though, had an "available" administrative remedy, as evidenced by the
pending appeal, and because the grievance appeal was pending at the time
of filing, Winder had failed to exhaust his administrative remedies prior
to filing suit.
The district court's dismissal was affirmed; however, the appeals court
noted that Winder was free to refile his complaint. This case is published
in the Federal Appendix and is subject to rules governing unpublished
cases. See: Winder v. Sheahan, 52 Fed.
Appx. 833 (7th Cir. 2002).
court's dismissal of a jail prisoner's 42 U.S.C. §1983 suit, held that
administrative remedies are not exhausted so long as a grievance
is "pending."
Lawrence Winder was a pretrial detainee in the Cook County Jail in
Chicago, Illinois in September, 2001 when he slipped and fell in the
shower. He delivered a written grievance for filing to a Lieutenant
Rosario. Rosario did not file the grievance.
Winder filed a second grievance regarding both the fall and Rosario's
failure to file the first grievance. The grievance was denied on October
30, 2001 and Winder appealed.
While the grievance appeal was still pending, Winder sued Cook County Jail
officials on December 5, 2001 under 42 U.S.C. §1983 for failure to treat
injuries he sustained in the fall. The district court dismissed the suit
under 42 U.S.C. §1997e(a) for failure to exhaust remedies. Winder appealed.
Winder argued that, although his grievance appeal was pending, he was not
actually required to exhaust administrative remedies due to Lieutenant
Rosario's failure to file his first grievance. Citing Lewis v. Washington,
300 F.3d 829, 833 (7th Cir. 2001), the appeals court agreed that if prison
officials refuse to answer filed complaints and grievances, administrative
remedies are not "available" for purposes of 42 U.S.C. §1997e(a). Winder,
though, had an "available" administrative remedy, as evidenced by the
pending appeal, and because the grievance appeal was pending at the time
of filing, Winder had failed to exhaust his administrative remedies prior
to filing suit.
The district court's dismissal was affirmed; however, the appeals court
noted that Winder was free to refile his complaint. This case is published
in the Federal Appendix and is subject to rules governing unpublished
cases. See: Winder v. Sheahan, 52 Fed.
Appx. 833 (7th Cir. 2002).
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Related legal case
Winder v. Sheahan
| Year | 2002 |
|---|---|
| Cite | 52 Fed. Appx. 833 (7th Cir. 2002) |
| Level | Court of Appeals |
| Attorney Fees | 0 |
| Damages | 0 |
| Injunction Status | N/A |
LANEER WINDER, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. MICHAEL F. SHEAHAN, et al., Defendants-Appellees.
No. 02-1019
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE SEVENTH CIRCUIT
52 Fed. Appx. 833; 2002 U.S. App.
November 20, 2002 *, Submitted
* Appellees notified this court that they were never served with process in the district court and would not be filing a brief or otherwise participating in this appeal. After an examination of the appellant's brief and the record, we have concluded that oral argument is unnecessary. Thus, the appeal is submitted on the appellant's brief and the record. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).
November 27, 2002, Decided
NOTICE: [**1] RULES OF THE SEVENTH CIRCUIT COURT OF APPEALS MAY LIMIT CITATION TO UNPUBLISHED OPINIONS. PLEASE REFER TO THE RULES OF THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THIS CIRCUIT.
PRIOR HISTORY: Appeal from the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois, Eastern Division. No. 01 C 9325. Marvin E. Aspen, Judge.
DISPOSITION: Affirmed.
COUNSEL: LANEER WINDER, Plaintiff-Appellant, Pro se, Chicago, IL.
JUDGES: Before Hon. JOHN L. COFFEY, Circuit Judge, Hon. FRANK H. EASTERBROOK, Circuit Judge, Hon. DANIEL A. MANION, Circuit Judge.
OPINION:
[*833] ORDER
Laneer Winder, a pretrial inmate at the Cook County Jail, filed a complaint under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 seeking money damages for jail officials' refusal to treat injuries he suffered after he slipped and fell in a shower. He asserted that the accident occurred because jail officials did not install a handicap rail in the jail shower to accommodate his disabilities. Winder claims that he filed a grievance, to which the jail failed to respond. The district court screened the complaint under 42 U.S.C. § 1997e(a) and dismissed without prejudice for failure to exhaust administrative remedies.
Winder alleges that he fell and [**2] hurt himself in early September 2001. The precise date is unclear--in his complaint Winder states that the incident occurred on September 9, 2001, although he also says in his detainee grievance and in his brief on appeal that the fall happened on September 2, 2001. He claims that he gave a written grievance for filing to a correctional officer named Lieutenant Rosario. Winder alleges that jail officials did not respond, so he filed a second grievance on September 30 which restated his allegations and accused Lieutenant Rosario of failing to deliver his first grievance to jail authorities. This second grievance was denied on October 30, 2001. The next day, Winder appealed to the grievance committee for review of this decision, and the committee responded by sending Winder a report instructing him to inquire with jail [*834] authorities if he did not receive a response to his appeal within one month.
Winder filed this lawsuit on December 5, 2001, while his grievance was pending before the jail's appeal grievance committee. He does not allege that he ever spoke with any jail authorities regarding the status of his grievance appeal before filing this lawsuit. The district court dismissed his [**3] complaint, and he filed a notice of appeal to this court on December 20, 2001. Winder received no further response to his grievance, and on May 5, 2002 he was told by a social worker that the grievance committee would not respond to his complaint.
The Prison Litigation Reform Act requires that a prisoner exhaust all available administrative remedies before initiating a lawsuit regarding prison conditions. See 42 U.S.C. § 1997(e); Perez v. Wis. Dep't of Corr., 182 F.3d 532, 537 (7th Cir. 1999). If a prisoner plaintiff has failed to exhaust his administrative remedies, the district court must dismiss the complaint without reaching the merits. Perez, 182 F.3d at 536. Here, it is clear from Winder's complaint that he failed to pursue his remedies by completing the jail grievance procedures. As Winder admitted in his complaint, his detainee grievance remained "pending" when he filed this lawsuit. Moreover, although Winder attached the grievance committee's notice instructing him to inquire as to the status of his appeal after 30 days, Winder does not allege that he took this step in the process before filing this lawsuit. Indeed, [**4] the first time Winder asked anyone at the jail about the status of his grievance appeal was on May 5, 2002, six months after he filed this lawsuit.
Winder argues on appeal that he had exhausted his administrative remedies, because the jail's failure to respond to his grievance made that remedy unavailable to him. We have recently chosen to follow several other circuits by holding that an inmate may file a lawsuit if it becomes apparent that the prison refuses to respond to a grievance. See Lewis v. Washington, 300 F.3d 829, 833 (7th Cir. 2002). But in Lewis, the prisoner's complaint was dismissed because his administrative grievance appeal was, in fact, denied as untimely as a result of delays caused by the prison. See id. at 832; see also Pozo v. McCaughtry, 286 F.3d 1022, 1025 (7th Cir. 2002) (affirming dismissal where prisoner took untimely administrative appeal). Winder, on the other hand, never received a final disposition of his grievance appeal.
Moreover, the plaintiff in Lewis waited until the entire grievance process had been exhausted before filing his § 1983 lawsuit. See Lewis, 300 F.3d at 832. [**5] Winder, on the other hand, filed his complaint while an administrative grievance appeal was still pending, as he admitted. At the time he filed his § 1983 complaint the district court could not properly conclude that the jail was delinquent in providing a response. Because a prisoner must exhaust his administrative remedies prior to filing a complaint, see 42 U.S.C. § 1997(e), the district court correctly dismissed Winder's complaint.
The district court correctly dismissed Winder's complaint without prejudice, but it appears from the record that Winder has still not received any response from the jail to his grievance appeal. Thus, Winder is free to refile his lawsuit and have the issue of whether the jail's delay excuses him from the exhaustion requirement addressed by the defendant in the first instance. Further, because Winder was released from jail in June 2002, he is no longer a prisoner for purposes of 42 U.S.C. § 1997e(a), and therefore he may not be subject to PLRA's exhaustion requirement. [*835] See [**6] Dixon v. Page, 291 F.3d 485, 488 n.1 (7th Cir. 2002).
AFFIRMED.
No. 02-1019
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE SEVENTH CIRCUIT
52 Fed. Appx. 833; 2002 U.S. App.
November 20, 2002 *, Submitted
* Appellees notified this court that they were never served with process in the district court and would not be filing a brief or otherwise participating in this appeal. After an examination of the appellant's brief and the record, we have concluded that oral argument is unnecessary. Thus, the appeal is submitted on the appellant's brief and the record. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).
November 27, 2002, Decided
NOTICE: [**1] RULES OF THE SEVENTH CIRCUIT COURT OF APPEALS MAY LIMIT CITATION TO UNPUBLISHED OPINIONS. PLEASE REFER TO THE RULES OF THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THIS CIRCUIT.
PRIOR HISTORY: Appeal from the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois, Eastern Division. No. 01 C 9325. Marvin E. Aspen, Judge.
DISPOSITION: Affirmed.
COUNSEL: LANEER WINDER, Plaintiff-Appellant, Pro se, Chicago, IL.
JUDGES: Before Hon. JOHN L. COFFEY, Circuit Judge, Hon. FRANK H. EASTERBROOK, Circuit Judge, Hon. DANIEL A. MANION, Circuit Judge.
OPINION:
[*833] ORDER
Laneer Winder, a pretrial inmate at the Cook County Jail, filed a complaint under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 seeking money damages for jail officials' refusal to treat injuries he suffered after he slipped and fell in a shower. He asserted that the accident occurred because jail officials did not install a handicap rail in the jail shower to accommodate his disabilities. Winder claims that he filed a grievance, to which the jail failed to respond. The district court screened the complaint under 42 U.S.C. § 1997e(a) and dismissed without prejudice for failure to exhaust administrative remedies.
Winder alleges that he fell and [**2] hurt himself in early September 2001. The precise date is unclear--in his complaint Winder states that the incident occurred on September 9, 2001, although he also says in his detainee grievance and in his brief on appeal that the fall happened on September 2, 2001. He claims that he gave a written grievance for filing to a correctional officer named Lieutenant Rosario. Winder alleges that jail officials did not respond, so he filed a second grievance on September 30 which restated his allegations and accused Lieutenant Rosario of failing to deliver his first grievance to jail authorities. This second grievance was denied on October 30, 2001. The next day, Winder appealed to the grievance committee for review of this decision, and the committee responded by sending Winder a report instructing him to inquire with jail [*834] authorities if he did not receive a response to his appeal within one month.
Winder filed this lawsuit on December 5, 2001, while his grievance was pending before the jail's appeal grievance committee. He does not allege that he ever spoke with any jail authorities regarding the status of his grievance appeal before filing this lawsuit. The district court dismissed his [**3] complaint, and he filed a notice of appeal to this court on December 20, 2001. Winder received no further response to his grievance, and on May 5, 2002 he was told by a social worker that the grievance committee would not respond to his complaint.
The Prison Litigation Reform Act requires that a prisoner exhaust all available administrative remedies before initiating a lawsuit regarding prison conditions. See 42 U.S.C. § 1997(e); Perez v. Wis. Dep't of Corr., 182 F.3d 532, 537 (7th Cir. 1999). If a prisoner plaintiff has failed to exhaust his administrative remedies, the district court must dismiss the complaint without reaching the merits. Perez, 182 F.3d at 536. Here, it is clear from Winder's complaint that he failed to pursue his remedies by completing the jail grievance procedures. As Winder admitted in his complaint, his detainee grievance remained "pending" when he filed this lawsuit. Moreover, although Winder attached the grievance committee's notice instructing him to inquire as to the status of his appeal after 30 days, Winder does not allege that he took this step in the process before filing this lawsuit. Indeed, [**4] the first time Winder asked anyone at the jail about the status of his grievance appeal was on May 5, 2002, six months after he filed this lawsuit.
Winder argues on appeal that he had exhausted his administrative remedies, because the jail's failure to respond to his grievance made that remedy unavailable to him. We have recently chosen to follow several other circuits by holding that an inmate may file a lawsuit if it becomes apparent that the prison refuses to respond to a grievance. See Lewis v. Washington, 300 F.3d 829, 833 (7th Cir. 2002). But in Lewis, the prisoner's complaint was dismissed because his administrative grievance appeal was, in fact, denied as untimely as a result of delays caused by the prison. See id. at 832; see also Pozo v. McCaughtry, 286 F.3d 1022, 1025 (7th Cir. 2002) (affirming dismissal where prisoner took untimely administrative appeal). Winder, on the other hand, never received a final disposition of his grievance appeal.
Moreover, the plaintiff in Lewis waited until the entire grievance process had been exhausted before filing his § 1983 lawsuit. See Lewis, 300 F.3d at 832. [**5] Winder, on the other hand, filed his complaint while an administrative grievance appeal was still pending, as he admitted. At the time he filed his § 1983 complaint the district court could not properly conclude that the jail was delinquent in providing a response. Because a prisoner must exhaust his administrative remedies prior to filing a complaint, see 42 U.S.C. § 1997(e), the district court correctly dismissed Winder's complaint.
The district court correctly dismissed Winder's complaint without prejudice, but it appears from the record that Winder has still not received any response from the jail to his grievance appeal. Thus, Winder is free to refile his lawsuit and have the issue of whether the jail's delay excuses him from the exhaustion requirement addressed by the defendant in the first instance. Further, because Winder was released from jail in June 2002, he is no longer a prisoner for purposes of 42 U.S.C. § 1997e(a), and therefore he may not be subject to PLRA's exhaustion requirement. [*835] See [**6] Dixon v. Page, 291 F.3d 485, 488 n.1 (7th Cir. 2002).
AFFIRMED.